{"file_path":"src/KRWQ.sol","creation_status":"success","source_code":"// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT\n// @version 0.2.8\npragma solidity ^0.8.24;\n\n/*\n+--------------------------------------------------------------+\n| $* *8* |\n| 88 $* \"*8\" . |\n| 88 88 $* *8* 8 *, |\n| 88 88 88 \"*8 * \"*8* |\n| 88 88 88 *8 * \"*8 * , |\n| *$ 88 88 \" *8\" . \"*8* |\n| *$ 88 .-888-. 8 * , |\n| *$ .888red888. \"*8* |\n| ,888888.*;;*. |\n| 888888*;;;;;` |\n| 888888*;;;;;j |\n| `*00*\";;;;;.' |\n| *8* `;;;blue;;' $* |\n| \"*8 * `-;;;-' 88 $* |\n| *8* \"*8 *, \"* 88 $* |\n| \"*8\" . \"*8* *. \"* 88 |\n| *8 * 8 * , 88 *. \"* |\n| \" *8 * \"*8* *$ 88 *. |\n| \"*8 * , *$ 88 |\n| \"*8* *$ KRWQ |\n+--------------------------------------------------------------+\n*/\n\nimport {ERC20Permit, ERC20} from \"@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/extensions/ERC20Permit.sol\";\nimport {ERC20Burnable} from \"@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/extensions/ERC20Burnable.sol\";\nimport {Ownable2Step} from \"@openzeppelin/contracts/access/Ownable2Step.sol\";\nimport {Ownable} from \"@openzeppelin/contracts/access/Ownable.sol\";\nimport {StorageSlot} from \"@openzeppelin/contracts/utils/StorageSlot.sol\";\n\n/// @title KRWQ\n/**\n * @notice Combines Openzeppelin's ERC20Permit, ERC20Burnable and Ownable2Step.\n * Also includes a list of authorized minters\n */\n/// @dev KRWQ adheres to EIP-712/EIP-2612 and can use permits\ncontract KRWQ is ERC20Permit, ERC20Burnable, Ownable2Step {\n /// @notice Array of the non-bridge minters\n address[] public mintersArray;\n\n /// @notice Mapping of the minters\n /// @dev Mapping is used for faster verification\n mapping(address => bool) public minters;\n\n /* ========== CONSTRUCTOR ========== */\n /// @param _ownerAddress The initial owner\n /// @param _name ERC20 name\n /// @param _symbol ERC20 symbol\n constructor(address _ownerAddress, string memory _name, string memory _symbol)\n ERC20(_name, _symbol)\n ERC20Permit(_name)\n Ownable(_ownerAddress)\n {}\n\n /* ========== INITIALIZER ========== */\n /// @dev Used to initialize the contract when it is behind a proxy\n function initialize(address _owner, string memory _name, string memory _symbol) public {\n require(owner() == address(0), \"Already initialized\");\n _transferOwnership(_owner);\n StorageSlot.getBytesSlot(bytes32(uint256(3))).value = bytes(_name);\n StorageSlot.getBytesSlot(bytes32(uint256(4))).value = bytes(_symbol);\n }\n\n /// @notice Update token name and symbol metadata\n /// @dev Can be called by owner at any time to update token metadata\n /// @param _name New ERC20 name\n /// @param _symbol New ERC20 symbol\n function updateMetadata(string memory _name, string memory _symbol) public onlyOwner {\n StorageSlot.getBytesSlot(bytes32(uint256(3))).value = bytes(_name);\n StorageSlot.getBytesSlot(bytes32(uint256(4))).value = bytes(_symbol);\n emit MetadataUpdated(_name, _symbol);\n }\n\n /* ========== MODIFIERS ========== */\n\n /// @notice A modifier that only allows a minters to call\n modifier onlyMinters() {\n require(minters[msg.sender] == true, \"Only minters\");\n _;\n }\n\n /* ========== RESTRICTED FUNCTIONS [MINTERS] ========== */\n\n /// @notice Used by minters to burn tokens\n /// @param burnAddress Address of the account to burn from\n /// @param burnAmount Amount of tokens to burn\n function minterBurnFrom(address burnAddress, uint256 burnAmount) public onlyMinters {\n super.burnFrom(burnAddress, burnAmount);\n emit TokenMinterBurned(burnAddress, msg.sender, burnAmount);\n }\n\n /// @notice Used by minters to mint new tokens\n /// @param mintAddress Address of the account to mint to\n /// @param mintAmount Amount of tokens to mint\n function minterMint(address mintAddress, uint256 mintAmount) public onlyMinters {\n super._mint(mintAddress, mintAmount);\n emit TokenMinterMinted(msg.sender, mintAddress, mintAmount);\n }\n\n /* ========== RESTRICTED FUNCTIONS [OWNER] ========== */\n /// @notice Adds a minter\n /// @param minterAddress Address of minter to add\n function addMinter(address minterAddress) public onlyOwner {\n require(minterAddress != address(0), \"Zero address detected\");\n\n require(minters[minterAddress] == false, \"Address already exists\");\n minters[minterAddress] = true;\n mintersArray.push(minterAddress);\n\n emit MinterAdded(minterAddress);\n }\n\n /// @notice Removes a non-bridge minter\n /// @param minterAddress Address of minter to remove\n function removeMinter(address minterAddress) public onlyOwner {\n require(minterAddress != address(0), \"Zero address detected\");\n require(minters[minterAddress] == true, \"Address nonexistant\");\n\n // Delete from the mapping\n delete minters[minterAddress];\n\n // 'Delete' from the array by setting the address to 0x0\n for (uint256 i = 0; i < mintersArray.length; i++) {\n if (mintersArray[i] == minterAddress) {\n mintersArray[i] = address(0); // This will leave a null in the array and keep the indices the same\n break;\n }\n }\n\n emit MinterRemoved(minterAddress);\n }\n\n /* ========== EVENTS ========== */\n\n /// @notice Emitted whenever the bridge burns tokens from an account\n /// @param account Address of the account tokens are being burned from\n /// @param amount Amount of tokens burned\n event Burn(address indexed account, uint256 amount);\n\n /// @notice Emitted whenever the bridge mints tokens to an account\n /// @param account Address of the account tokens are being minted for\n /// @param amount Amount of tokens minted.\n event Mint(address indexed account, uint256 amount);\n\n /// @notice Emitted when a non-bridge minter is added\n /// @param minterAddress Address of the new minter\n event MinterAdded(address minterAddress);\n\n /// @notice Emitted when a non-bridge minter is removed\n /// @param minterAddress Address of the removed minter\n event MinterRemoved(address minterAddress);\n\n /// @notice Emitted when a non-bridge minter burns tokens\n /// @param from The account whose tokens are burned\n /// @param to The minter doing the burning\n /// @param amount Amount of tokens burned\n event TokenMinterBurned(address indexed from, address indexed to, uint256 amount);\n\n /// @notice Emitted when a non-bridge minter mints tokens\n /// @param from The minter doing the minting\n /// @param to The account that gets the newly minted tokens\n /// @param amount Amount of tokens minted\n event TokenMinterMinted(address indexed from, address indexed to, uint256 amount);\n\n /// @notice Emitted when token metadata (name/symbol) is updated\n /// @param name New token name\n /// @param symbol New token symbol\n event MetadataUpdated(string name, string 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SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT\n// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.0.0) (access/Ownable.sol)\n\npragma solidity ^0.8.20;\n\nimport {Context} from \"../utils/Context.sol\";\n\n/**\n * @dev Contract module which provides a basic access control mechanism, where\n * there is an account (an owner) that can be granted exclusive access to\n * specific functions.\n *\n * The initial owner is set to the address provided by the deployer. This can\n * later be changed with {transferOwnership}.\n *\n * This module is used through inheritance. It will make available the modifier\n * `onlyOwner`, which can be applied to your functions to restrict their use to\n * the owner.\n */\nabstract contract Ownable is Context {\n address private _owner;\n\n /**\n * @dev The caller account is not authorized to perform an operation.\n */\n error OwnableUnauthorizedAccount(address account);\n\n /**\n * @dev The owner is not a valid owner account. (eg. `address(0)`)\n */\n error OwnableInvalidOwner(address owner);\n\n event OwnershipTransferred(address indexed previousOwner, address indexed newOwner);\n\n /**\n * @dev Initializes the contract setting the address provided by the deployer as the initial owner.\n */\n constructor(address initialOwner) {\n if (initialOwner == address(0)) {\n revert OwnableInvalidOwner(address(0));\n }\n _transferOwnership(initialOwner);\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Throws if called by any account other than the owner.\n */\n modifier onlyOwner() {\n _checkOwner();\n _;\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Returns the address of the current owner.\n */\n function owner() public view virtual returns (address) {\n return _owner;\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Throws if the sender is not the owner.\n */\n function _checkOwner() internal view virtual {\n if (owner() != _msgSender()) {\n revert OwnableUnauthorizedAccount(_msgSender());\n }\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Leaves the contract without owner. It will not be possible to call\n * `onlyOwner` functions. Can only be called by the current owner.\n *\n * NOTE: Renouncing ownership will leave the contract without an owner,\n * thereby disabling any functionality that is only available to the owner.\n */\n function renounceOwnership() public virtual onlyOwner {\n _transferOwnership(address(0));\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Transfers ownership of the contract to a new account (`newOwner`).\n * Can only be called by the current owner.\n */\n function transferOwnership(address newOwner) public virtual onlyOwner {\n if (newOwner == address(0)) {\n revert OwnableInvalidOwner(address(0));\n }\n _transferOwnership(newOwner);\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Transfers ownership of the contract to a new account (`newOwner`).\n * Internal function without access restriction.\n */\n function _transferOwnership(address newOwner) internal virtual {\n address oldOwner = _owner;\n _owner = newOwner;\n emit OwnershipTransferred(oldOwner, newOwner);\n }\n}\n"},{"file_path":"lib/openzeppelin-contracts/contracts/access/Ownable2Step.sol","source_code":"// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT\n// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.1.0) (access/Ownable2Step.sol)\n\npragma solidity ^0.8.20;\n\nimport {Ownable} from \"./Ownable.sol\";\n\n/**\n * @dev Contract module which provides access control mechanism, where\n * there is an account (an owner) that can be granted exclusive access to\n * specific functions.\n *\n * This extension of the {Ownable} contract includes a two-step mechanism to transfer\n * ownership, where the new owner must call {acceptOwnership} in order to replace the\n * old one. This can help prevent common mistakes, such as transfers of ownership to\n * incorrect accounts, or to contracts that are unable to interact with the\n * permission system.\n *\n * The initial owner is specified at deployment time in the constructor for `Ownable`. This\n * can later be changed with {transferOwnership} and {acceptOwnership}.\n *\n * This module is used through inheritance. It will make available all functions\n * from parent (Ownable).\n */\nabstract contract Ownable2Step is Ownable {\n address private _pendingOwner;\n\n event OwnershipTransferStarted(address indexed previousOwner, address indexed newOwner);\n\n /**\n * @dev Returns the address of the pending owner.\n */\n function pendingOwner() public view virtual returns (address) {\n return _pendingOwner;\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Starts the ownership transfer of the contract to a new account. Replaces the pending transfer if there is one.\n * Can only be called by the current owner.\n *\n * Setting `newOwner` to the zero address is allowed; this can be used to cancel an initiated ownership transfer.\n */\n function transferOwnership(address newOwner) public virtual override onlyOwner {\n _pendingOwner = newOwner;\n emit OwnershipTransferStarted(owner(), newOwner);\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Transfers ownership of the contract to a new account (`newOwner`) and deletes any pending owner.\n * Internal function without access restriction.\n */\n function _transferOwnership(address newOwner) internal virtual override {\n delete _pendingOwner;\n super._transferOwnership(newOwner);\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev The new owner accepts the ownership transfer.\n */\n function acceptOwnership() public virtual {\n address sender = _msgSender();\n if (pendingOwner() != sender) {\n revert OwnableUnauthorizedAccount(sender);\n }\n _transferOwnership(sender);\n }\n}\n"},{"file_path":"lib/openzeppelin-contracts/contracts/interfaces/IERC5267.sol","source_code":"// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT\n// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.4.0) (interfaces/IERC5267.sol)\n\npragma solidity >=0.4.16;\n\ninterface IERC5267 {\n /**\n * @dev MAY be emitted to signal that the domain could have changed.\n */\n event EIP712DomainChanged();\n\n /**\n * @dev returns the fields and values that describe the domain separator used by this contract for EIP-712\n * signature.\n */\n function eip712Domain()\n external\n view\n returns (\n bytes1 fields,\n string memory name,\n string memory version,\n uint256 chainId,\n address verifyingContract,\n bytes32 salt,\n uint256[] memory extensions\n );\n}\n"},{"file_path":"lib/openzeppelin-contracts/contracts/interfaces/draft-IERC6093.sol","source_code":"// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT\n// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.4.0) (interfaces/draft-IERC6093.sol)\npragma solidity >=0.8.4;\n\n/**\n * @dev Standard ERC-20 Errors\n * Interface of the https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-6093[ERC-6093] custom errors for ERC-20 tokens.\n */\ninterface IERC20Errors {\n /**\n * @dev Indicates an error related to the current `balance` of a `sender`. Used in transfers.\n * @param sender Address whose tokens are being transferred.\n * @param balance Current balance for the interacting account.\n * @param needed Minimum amount required to perform a transfer.\n */\n error ERC20InsufficientBalance(address sender, uint256 balance, uint256 needed);\n\n /**\n * @dev Indicates a failure with the token `sender`. Used in transfers.\n * @param sender Address whose tokens are being transferred.\n */\n error ERC20InvalidSender(address sender);\n\n /**\n * @dev Indicates a failure with the token `receiver`. Used in transfers.\n * @param receiver Address to which tokens are being transferred.\n */\n error ERC20InvalidReceiver(address receiver);\n\n /**\n * @dev Indicates a failure with the `spender`’s `allowance`. Used in transfers.\n * @param spender Address that may be allowed to operate on tokens without being their owner.\n * @param allowance Amount of tokens a `spender` is allowed to operate with.\n * @param needed Minimum amount required to perform a transfer.\n */\n error ERC20InsufficientAllowance(address spender, uint256 allowance, uint256 needed);\n\n /**\n * @dev Indicates a failure with the `approver` of a token to be approved. Used in approvals.\n * @param approver Address initiating an approval operation.\n */\n error ERC20InvalidApprover(address approver);\n\n /**\n * @dev Indicates a failure with the `spender` to be approved. Used in approvals.\n * @param spender Address that may be allowed to operate on tokens without being their owner.\n */\n error ERC20InvalidSpender(address spender);\n}\n\n/**\n * @dev Standard ERC-721 Errors\n * Interface of the https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-6093[ERC-6093] custom errors for ERC-721 tokens.\n */\ninterface IERC721Errors {\n /**\n * @dev Indicates that an address can't be an owner. For example, `address(0)` is a forbidden owner in ERC-20.\n * Used in balance queries.\n * @param owner Address of the current owner of a token.\n */\n error ERC721InvalidOwner(address owner);\n\n /**\n * @dev Indicates a `tokenId` whose `owner` is the zero address.\n * @param tokenId Identifier number of a token.\n */\n error ERC721NonexistentToken(uint256 tokenId);\n\n /**\n * @dev Indicates an error related to the ownership over a particular token. Used in transfers.\n * @param sender Address whose tokens are being transferred.\n * @param tokenId Identifier number of a token.\n * @param owner Address of the current owner of a token.\n */\n error ERC721IncorrectOwner(address sender, uint256 tokenId, address owner);\n\n /**\n * @dev Indicates a failure with the token `sender`. Used in transfers.\n * @param sender Address whose tokens are being transferred.\n */\n error ERC721InvalidSender(address sender);\n\n /**\n * @dev Indicates a failure with the token `receiver`. Used in transfers.\n * @param receiver Address to which tokens are being transferred.\n */\n error ERC721InvalidReceiver(address receiver);\n\n /**\n * @dev Indicates a failure with the `operator`’s approval. Used in transfers.\n * @param operator Address that may be allowed to operate on tokens without being their owner.\n * @param tokenId Identifier number of a token.\n */\n error ERC721InsufficientApproval(address operator, uint256 tokenId);\n\n /**\n * @dev Indicates a failure with the `approver` of a token to be approved. Used in approvals.\n * @param approver Address initiating an approval operation.\n */\n error ERC721InvalidApprover(address approver);\n\n /**\n * @dev Indicates a failure with the `operator` to be approved. Used in approvals.\n * @param operator Address that may be allowed to operate on tokens without being their owner.\n */\n error ERC721InvalidOperator(address operator);\n}\n\n/**\n * @dev Standard ERC-1155 Errors\n * Interface of the https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-6093[ERC-6093] custom errors for ERC-1155 tokens.\n */\ninterface IERC1155Errors {\n /**\n * @dev Indicates an error related to the current `balance` of a `sender`. Used in transfers.\n * @param sender Address whose tokens are being transferred.\n * @param balance Current balance for the interacting account.\n * @param needed Minimum amount required to perform a transfer.\n * @param tokenId Identifier number of a token.\n */\n error ERC1155InsufficientBalance(address sender, uint256 balance, uint256 needed, uint256 tokenId);\n\n /**\n * @dev Indicates a failure with the token `sender`. Used in transfers.\n * @param sender Address whose tokens are being transferred.\n */\n error ERC1155InvalidSender(address sender);\n\n /**\n * @dev Indicates a failure with the token `receiver`. Used in transfers.\n * @param receiver Address to which tokens are being transferred.\n */\n error ERC1155InvalidReceiver(address receiver);\n\n /**\n * @dev Indicates a failure with the `operator`’s approval. Used in transfers.\n * @param operator Address that may be allowed to operate on tokens without being their owner.\n * @param owner Address of the current owner of a token.\n */\n error ERC1155MissingApprovalForAll(address operator, address owner);\n\n /**\n * @dev Indicates a failure with the `approver` of a token to be approved. Used in approvals.\n * @param approver Address initiating an approval operation.\n */\n error ERC1155InvalidApprover(address approver);\n\n /**\n * @dev Indicates a failure with the `operator` to be approved. Used in approvals.\n * @param operator Address that may be allowed to operate on tokens without being their owner.\n */\n error ERC1155InvalidOperator(address operator);\n\n /**\n * @dev Indicates an array length mismatch between ids and values in a safeBatchTransferFrom operation.\n * Used in batch transfers.\n * @param idsLength Length of the array of token identifiers\n * @param valuesLength Length of the array of token amounts\n */\n error ERC1155InvalidArrayLength(uint256 idsLength, uint256 valuesLength);\n}\n"},{"file_path":"lib/openzeppelin-contracts/contracts/token/ERC20/ERC20.sol","source_code":"// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT\n// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.4.0) (token/ERC20/ERC20.sol)\n\npragma solidity ^0.8.20;\n\nimport {IERC20} from \"./IERC20.sol\";\nimport {IERC20Metadata} from \"./extensions/IERC20Metadata.sol\";\nimport {Context} from \"../../utils/Context.sol\";\nimport {IERC20Errors} from \"../../interfaces/draft-IERC6093.sol\";\n\n/**\n * @dev Implementation of the {IERC20} interface.\n *\n * This implementation is agnostic to the way tokens are created. This means\n * that a supply mechanism has to be added in a derived contract using {_mint}.\n *\n * TIP: For a detailed writeup see our guide\n * https://forum.openzeppelin.com/t/how-to-implement-erc20-supply-mechanisms/226[How\n * to implement supply mechanisms].\n *\n * The default value of {decimals} is 18. To change this, you should override\n * this function so it returns a different value.\n *\n * We have followed general OpenZeppelin Contracts guidelines: functions revert\n * instead returning `false` on failure. This behavior is nonetheless\n * conventional and does not conflict with the expectations of ERC-20\n * applications.\n */\nabstract contract ERC20 is Context, IERC20, IERC20Metadata, IERC20Errors {\n mapping(address account => uint256) private _balances;\n\n mapping(address account => mapping(address spender => uint256)) private _allowances;\n\n uint256 private _totalSupply;\n\n string private _name;\n string private _symbol;\n\n /**\n * @dev Sets the values for {name} and {symbol}.\n *\n * Both values are immutable: they can only be set once during construction.\n */\n constructor(string memory name_, string memory symbol_) {\n _name = name_;\n _symbol = symbol_;\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Returns the name of the token.\n */\n function name() public view virtual returns (string memory) {\n return _name;\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Returns the symbol of the token, usually a shorter version of the\n * name.\n */\n function symbol() public view virtual returns (string memory) {\n return _symbol;\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Returns the number of decimals used to get its user representation.\n * For example, if `decimals` equals `2`, a balance of `505` tokens should\n * be displayed to a user as `5.05` (`505 / 10 ** 2`).\n *\n * Tokens usually opt for a value of 18, imitating the relationship between\n * Ether and Wei. This is the default value returned by this function, unless\n * it's overridden.\n *\n * NOTE: This information is only used for _display_ purposes: it in\n * no way affects any of the arithmetic of the contract, including\n * {IERC20-balanceOf} and {IERC20-transfer}.\n */\n function decimals() public view virtual returns (uint8) {\n return 18;\n }\n\n /// @inheritdoc IERC20\n function totalSupply() public view virtual returns (uint256) {\n return _totalSupply;\n }\n\n /// @inheritdoc IERC20\n function balanceOf(address account) public view virtual returns (uint256) {\n return _balances[account];\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev See {IERC20-transfer}.\n *\n * Requirements:\n *\n * - `to` cannot be the zero address.\n * - the caller must have a balance of at least `value`.\n */\n function transfer(address to, uint256 value) public virtual returns (bool) {\n address owner = _msgSender();\n _transfer(owner, to, value);\n return true;\n }\n\n /// @inheritdoc IERC20\n function allowance(address owner, address spender) public view virtual returns (uint256) {\n return _allowances[owner][spender];\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev See {IERC20-approve}.\n *\n * NOTE: If `value` is the maximum `uint256`, the allowance is not updated on\n * `transferFrom`. This is semantically equivalent to an infinite approval.\n *\n * Requirements:\n *\n * - `spender` cannot be the zero address.\n */\n function approve(address spender, uint256 value) public virtual returns (bool) {\n address owner = _msgSender();\n _approve(owner, spender, value);\n return true;\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev See {IERC20-transferFrom}.\n *\n * Skips emitting an {Approval} event indicating an allowance update. This is not\n * required by the ERC. See {xref-ERC20-_approve-address-address-uint256-bool-}[_approve].\n *\n * NOTE: Does not update the allowance if the current allowance\n * is the maximum `uint256`.\n *\n * Requirements:\n *\n * - `from` and `to` cannot be the zero address.\n * - `from` must have a balance of at least `value`.\n * - the caller must have allowance for ``from``'s tokens of at least\n * `value`.\n */\n function transferFrom(address from, address to, uint256 value) public virtual returns (bool) {\n address spender = _msgSender();\n _spendAllowance(from, spender, value);\n _transfer(from, to, value);\n return true;\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Moves a `value` amount of tokens from `from` to `to`.\n *\n * This internal function is equivalent to {transfer}, and can be used to\n * e.g. implement automatic token fees, slashing mechanisms, etc.\n *\n * Emits a {Transfer} event.\n *\n * NOTE: This function is not virtual, {_update} should be overridden instead.\n */\n function _transfer(address from, address to, uint256 value) internal {\n if (from == address(0)) {\n revert ERC20InvalidSender(address(0));\n }\n if (to == address(0)) {\n revert ERC20InvalidReceiver(address(0));\n }\n _update(from, to, value);\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Transfers a `value` amount of tokens from `from` to `to`, or alternatively mints (or burns) if `from`\n * (or `to`) is the zero address. All customizations to transfers, mints, and burns should be done by overriding\n * this function.\n *\n * Emits a {Transfer} event.\n */\n function _update(address from, address to, uint256 value) internal virtual {\n if (from == address(0)) {\n // Overflow check required: The rest of the code assumes that totalSupply never overflows\n _totalSupply += value;\n } else {\n uint256 fromBalance = _balances[from];\n if (fromBalance < value) {\n revert ERC20InsufficientBalance(from, fromBalance, value);\n }\n unchecked {\n // Overflow not possible: value <= fromBalance <= totalSupply.\n _balances[from] = fromBalance - value;\n }\n }\n\n if (to == address(0)) {\n unchecked {\n // Overflow not possible: value <= totalSupply or value <= fromBalance <= totalSupply.\n _totalSupply -= value;\n }\n } else {\n unchecked {\n // Overflow not possible: balance + value is at most totalSupply, which we know fits into a uint256.\n _balances[to] += value;\n }\n }\n\n emit Transfer(from, to, value);\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Creates a `value` amount of tokens and assigns them to `account`, by transferring it from address(0).\n * Relies on the `_update` mechanism\n *\n * Emits a {Transfer} event with `from` set to the zero address.\n *\n * NOTE: This function is not virtual, {_update} should be overridden instead.\n */\n function _mint(address account, uint256 value) internal {\n if (account == address(0)) {\n revert ERC20InvalidReceiver(address(0));\n }\n _update(address(0), account, value);\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Destroys a `value` amount of tokens from `account`, lowering the total supply.\n * Relies on the `_update` mechanism.\n *\n * Emits a {Transfer} event with `to` set to the zero address.\n *\n * NOTE: This function is not virtual, {_update} should be overridden instead\n */\n function _burn(address account, uint256 value) internal {\n if (account == address(0)) {\n revert ERC20InvalidSender(address(0));\n }\n _update(account, address(0), value);\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Sets `value` as the allowance of `spender` over the `owner`'s tokens.\n *\n * This internal function is equivalent to `approve`, and can be used to\n * e.g. set automatic allowances for certain subsystems, etc.\n *\n * Emits an {Approval} event.\n *\n * Requirements:\n *\n * - `owner` cannot be the zero address.\n * - `spender` cannot be the zero address.\n *\n * Overrides to this logic should be done to the variant with an additional `bool emitEvent` argument.\n */\n function _approve(address owner, address spender, uint256 value) internal {\n _approve(owner, spender, value, true);\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Variant of {_approve} with an optional flag to enable or disable the {Approval} event.\n *\n * By default (when calling {_approve}) the flag is set to true. On the other hand, approval changes made by\n * `_spendAllowance` during the `transferFrom` operation set the flag to false. This saves gas by not emitting any\n * `Approval` event during `transferFrom` operations.\n *\n * Anyone who wishes to continue emitting `Approval` events on the`transferFrom` operation can force the flag to\n * true using the following override:\n *\n * ```solidity\n * function _approve(address owner, address spender, uint256 value, bool) internal virtual override {\n * super._approve(owner, spender, value, true);\n * }\n * ```\n *\n * Requirements are the same as {_approve}.\n */\n function _approve(address owner, address spender, uint256 value, bool emitEvent) internal virtual {\n if (owner == address(0)) {\n revert ERC20InvalidApprover(address(0));\n }\n if (spender == address(0)) {\n revert ERC20InvalidSpender(address(0));\n }\n _allowances[owner][spender] = value;\n if (emitEvent) {\n emit Approval(owner, spender, value);\n }\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Updates `owner`'s allowance for `spender` based on spent `value`.\n *\n * Does not update the allowance value in case of infinite allowance.\n * Revert if not enough allowance is available.\n *\n * Does not emit an {Approval} event.\n */\n function _spendAllowance(address owner, address spender, uint256 value) internal virtual {\n uint256 currentAllowance = allowance(owner, spender);\n if (currentAllowance < type(uint256).max) {\n if (currentAllowance < value) {\n revert ERC20InsufficientAllowance(spender, currentAllowance, value);\n }\n unchecked {\n _approve(owner, spender, currentAllowance - value, false);\n }\n }\n }\n}\n"},{"file_path":"lib/openzeppelin-contracts/contracts/token/ERC20/IERC20.sol","source_code":"// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT\n// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.4.0) (token/ERC20/IERC20.sol)\n\npragma solidity >=0.4.16;\n\n/**\n * @dev Interface of the ERC-20 standard as defined in the ERC.\n */\ninterface IERC20 {\n /**\n * @dev Emitted when `value` tokens are moved from one account (`from`) to\n * another (`to`).\n *\n * Note that `value` may be zero.\n */\n event Transfer(address indexed from, address indexed to, uint256 value);\n\n /**\n * @dev Emitted when the allowance of a `spender` for an `owner` is set by\n * a call to {approve}. `value` is the new allowance.\n */\n event Approval(address indexed owner, address indexed spender, uint256 value);\n\n /**\n * @dev Returns the value of tokens in existence.\n */\n function totalSupply() external view returns (uint256);\n\n /**\n * @dev Returns the value of tokens owned by `account`.\n */\n function balanceOf(address account) external view returns (uint256);\n\n /**\n * @dev Moves a `value` amount of tokens from the caller's account to `to`.\n *\n * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.\n *\n * Emits a {Transfer} event.\n */\n function transfer(address to, uint256 value) external returns (bool);\n\n /**\n * @dev Returns the remaining number of tokens that `spender` will be\n * allowed to spend on behalf of `owner` through {transferFrom}. This is\n * zero by default.\n *\n * This value changes when {approve} or {transferFrom} are called.\n */\n function allowance(address owner, address spender) external view returns (uint256);\n\n /**\n * @dev Sets a `value` amount of tokens as the allowance of `spender` over the\n * caller's tokens.\n *\n * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.\n *\n * IMPORTANT: Beware that changing an allowance with this method brings the risk\n * that someone may use both the old and the new allowance by unfortunate\n * transaction ordering. One possible solution to mitigate this race\n * condition is to first reduce the spender's allowance to 0 and set the\n * desired value afterwards:\n * https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/issues/20#issuecomment-263524729\n *\n * Emits an {Approval} event.\n */\n function approve(address spender, uint256 value) external returns (bool);\n\n /**\n * @dev Moves a `value` amount of tokens from `from` to `to` using the\n * allowance mechanism. `value` is then deducted from the caller's\n * allowance.\n *\n * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.\n *\n * Emits a {Transfer} event.\n */\n function transferFrom(address from, address to, uint256 value) external returns (bool);\n}\n"},{"file_path":"lib/openzeppelin-contracts/contracts/token/ERC20/extensions/ERC20Burnable.sol","source_code":"// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT\n// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.0.0) (token/ERC20/extensions/ERC20Burnable.sol)\n\npragma solidity ^0.8.20;\n\nimport {ERC20} from \"../ERC20.sol\";\nimport {Context} from \"../../../utils/Context.sol\";\n\n/**\n * @dev Extension of {ERC20} that allows token holders to destroy both their own\n * tokens and those that they have an allowance for, in a way that can be\n * recognized off-chain (via event analysis).\n */\nabstract contract ERC20Burnable is Context, ERC20 {\n /**\n * @dev Destroys a `value` amount of tokens from the caller.\n *\n * See {ERC20-_burn}.\n */\n function burn(uint256 value) public virtual {\n _burn(_msgSender(), value);\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Destroys a `value` amount of tokens from `account`, deducting from\n * the caller's allowance.\n *\n * See {ERC20-_burn} and {ERC20-allowance}.\n *\n * Requirements:\n *\n * - the caller must have allowance for ``accounts``'s tokens of at least\n * `value`.\n */\n function burnFrom(address account, uint256 value) public virtual {\n _spendAllowance(account, _msgSender(), value);\n _burn(account, value);\n }\n}\n"},{"file_path":"lib/openzeppelin-contracts/contracts/token/ERC20/extensions/ERC20Permit.sol","source_code":"// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT\n// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.4.0) (token/ERC20/extensions/ERC20Permit.sol)\n\npragma solidity ^0.8.20;\n\nimport {IERC20Permit} from \"./IERC20Permit.sol\";\nimport {ERC20} from \"../ERC20.sol\";\nimport {ECDSA} from \"../../../utils/cryptography/ECDSA.sol\";\nimport {EIP712} from \"../../../utils/cryptography/EIP712.sol\";\nimport {Nonces} from \"../../../utils/Nonces.sol\";\n\n/**\n * @dev Implementation of the ERC-20 Permit extension allowing approvals to be made via signatures, as defined in\n * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-2612[ERC-2612].\n *\n * Adds the {permit} method, which can be used to change an account's ERC-20 allowance (see {IERC20-allowance}) by\n * presenting a message signed by the account. By not relying on `{IERC20-approve}`, the token holder account doesn't\n * need to send a transaction, and thus is not required to hold Ether at all.\n */\nabstract contract ERC20Permit is ERC20, IERC20Permit, EIP712, Nonces {\n bytes32 private constant PERMIT_TYPEHASH =\n keccak256(\"Permit(address owner,address spender,uint256 value,uint256 nonce,uint256 deadline)\");\n\n /**\n * @dev Permit deadline has expired.\n */\n error ERC2612ExpiredSignature(uint256 deadline);\n\n /**\n * @dev Mismatched signature.\n */\n error ERC2612InvalidSigner(address signer, address owner);\n\n /**\n * @dev Initializes the {EIP712} domain separator using the `name` parameter, and setting `version` to `\"1\"`.\n *\n * It's a good idea to use the same `name` that is defined as the ERC-20 token name.\n */\n constructor(string memory name) EIP712(name, \"1\") {}\n\n /// @inheritdoc IERC20Permit\n function permit(\n address owner,\n address spender,\n uint256 value,\n uint256 deadline,\n uint8 v,\n bytes32 r,\n bytes32 s\n ) public virtual {\n if (block.timestamp > deadline) {\n revert ERC2612ExpiredSignature(deadline);\n }\n\n bytes32 structHash = keccak256(abi.encode(PERMIT_TYPEHASH, owner, spender, value, _useNonce(owner), deadline));\n\n bytes32 hash = _hashTypedDataV4(structHash);\n\n address signer = ECDSA.recover(hash, v, r, s);\n if (signer != owner) {\n revert ERC2612InvalidSigner(signer, owner);\n }\n\n _approve(owner, spender, value);\n }\n\n /// @inheritdoc IERC20Permit\n function nonces(address owner) public view virtual override(IERC20Permit, Nonces) returns (uint256) {\n return super.nonces(owner);\n }\n\n /// @inheritdoc IERC20Permit\n // solhint-disable-next-line func-name-mixedcase\n function DOMAIN_SEPARATOR() external view virtual returns (bytes32) {\n return _domainSeparatorV4();\n }\n}\n"},{"file_path":"lib/openzeppelin-contracts/contracts/token/ERC20/extensions/IERC20Metadata.sol","source_code":"// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT\n// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.4.0) (token/ERC20/extensions/IERC20Metadata.sol)\n\npragma solidity >=0.6.2;\n\nimport {IERC20} from \"../IERC20.sol\";\n\n/**\n * @dev Interface for the optional metadata functions from the ERC-20 standard.\n */\ninterface IERC20Metadata is IERC20 {\n /**\n * @dev Returns the name of the token.\n */\n function name() external view returns (string memory);\n\n /**\n * @dev Returns the symbol of the token.\n */\n function symbol() external view returns (string memory);\n\n /**\n * @dev Returns the decimals places of the token.\n */\n function decimals() external view returns (uint8);\n}\n"},{"file_path":"lib/openzeppelin-contracts/contracts/token/ERC20/extensions/IERC20Permit.sol","source_code":"// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT\n// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.4.0) (token/ERC20/extensions/IERC20Permit.sol)\n\npragma solidity >=0.4.16;\n\n/**\n * @dev Interface of the ERC-20 Permit extension allowing approvals to be made via signatures, as defined in\n * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-2612[ERC-2612].\n *\n * Adds the {permit} method, which can be used to change an account's ERC-20 allowance (see {IERC20-allowance}) by\n * presenting a message signed by the account. By not relying on {IERC20-approve}, the token holder account doesn't\n * need to send a transaction, and thus is not required to hold Ether at all.\n *\n * ==== Security Considerations\n *\n * There are two important considerations concerning the use of `permit`. The first is that a valid permit signature\n * expresses an allowance, and it should not be assumed to convey additional meaning. In particular, it should not be\n * considered as an intention to spend the allowance in any specific way. The second is that because permits have\n * built-in replay protection and can be submitted by anyone, they can be frontrun. A protocol that uses permits should\n * take this into consideration and allow a `permit` call to fail. Combining these two aspects, a pattern that may be\n * generally recommended is:\n *\n * ```solidity\n * function doThingWithPermit(..., uint256 value, uint256 deadline, uint8 v, bytes32 r, bytes32 s) public {\n * try token.permit(msg.sender, address(this), value, deadline, v, r, s) {} catch {}\n * doThing(..., value);\n * }\n *\n * function doThing(..., uint256 value) public {\n * token.safeTransferFrom(msg.sender, address(this), value);\n * ...\n * }\n * ```\n *\n * Observe that: 1) `msg.sender` is used as the owner, leaving no ambiguity as to the signer intent, and 2) the use of\n * `try/catch` allows the permit to fail and makes the code tolerant to frontrunning. (See also\n * {SafeERC20-safeTransferFrom}).\n *\n * Additionally, note that smart contract wallets (such as Argent or Safe) are not able to produce permit signatures, so\n * contracts should have entry points that don't rely on permit.\n */\ninterface IERC20Permit {\n /**\n * @dev Sets `value` as the allowance of `spender` over ``owner``'s tokens,\n * given ``owner``'s signed approval.\n *\n * IMPORTANT: The same issues {IERC20-approve} has related to transaction\n * ordering also apply here.\n *\n * Emits an {Approval} event.\n *\n * Requirements:\n *\n * - `spender` cannot be the zero address.\n * - `deadline` must be a timestamp in the future.\n * - `v`, `r` and `s` must be a valid `secp256k1` signature from `owner`\n * over the EIP712-formatted function arguments.\n * - the signature must use ``owner``'s current nonce (see {nonces}).\n *\n * For more information on the signature format, see the\n * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-2612#specification[relevant EIP\n * section].\n *\n * CAUTION: See Security Considerations above.\n */\n function permit(\n address owner,\n address spender,\n uint256 value,\n uint256 deadline,\n uint8 v,\n bytes32 r,\n bytes32 s\n ) external;\n\n /**\n * @dev Returns the current nonce for `owner`. This value must be\n * included whenever a signature is generated for {permit}.\n *\n * Every successful call to {permit} increases ``owner``'s nonce by one. This\n * prevents a signature from being used multiple times.\n */\n function nonces(address owner) external view returns (uint256);\n\n /**\n * @dev Returns the domain separator used in the encoding of the signature for {permit}, as defined by {EIP712}.\n */\n // solhint-disable-next-line func-name-mixedcase\n function DOMAIN_SEPARATOR() external view returns (bytes32);\n}\n"},{"file_path":"lib/openzeppelin-contracts/contracts/utils/Context.sol","source_code":"// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT\n// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.0.1) (utils/Context.sol)\n\npragma solidity ^0.8.20;\n\n/**\n * @dev Provides information about the current execution context, including the\n * sender of the transaction and its data. While these are generally available\n * via msg.sender and msg.data, they should not be accessed in such a direct\n * manner, since when dealing with meta-transactions the account sending and\n * paying for execution may not be the actual sender (as far as an application\n * is concerned).\n *\n * This contract is only required for intermediate, library-like contracts.\n */\nabstract contract Context {\n function _msgSender() internal view virtual returns (address) {\n return msg.sender;\n }\n\n function _msgData() internal view virtual returns (bytes calldata) {\n return msg.data;\n }\n\n function _contextSuffixLength() internal view virtual returns (uint256) {\n return 0;\n }\n}\n"},{"file_path":"lib/openzeppelin-contracts/contracts/utils/Nonces.sol","source_code":"// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT\n// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.0.0) (utils/Nonces.sol)\npragma solidity ^0.8.20;\n\n/**\n * @dev Provides tracking nonces for addresses. Nonces will only increment.\n */\nabstract contract Nonces {\n /**\n * @dev The nonce used for an `account` is not the expected current nonce.\n */\n error InvalidAccountNonce(address account, uint256 currentNonce);\n\n mapping(address account => uint256) private _nonces;\n\n /**\n * @dev Returns the next unused nonce for an address.\n */\n function nonces(address owner) public view virtual returns (uint256) {\n return _nonces[owner];\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Consumes a nonce.\n *\n * Returns the current value and increments nonce.\n */\n function _useNonce(address owner) internal virtual returns (uint256) {\n // For each account, the nonce has an initial value of 0, can only be incremented by one, and cannot be\n // decremented or reset. This guarantees that the nonce never overflows.\n unchecked {\n // It is important to do x++ and not ++x here.\n return _nonces[owner]++;\n }\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Same as {_useNonce} but checking that `nonce` is the next valid for `owner`.\n */\n function _useCheckedNonce(address owner, uint256 nonce) internal virtual {\n uint256 current = _useNonce(owner);\n if (nonce != current) {\n revert InvalidAccountNonce(owner, current);\n }\n }\n}\n"},{"file_path":"lib/openzeppelin-contracts/contracts/utils/Panic.sol","source_code":"// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT\n// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.1.0) (utils/Panic.sol)\n\npragma solidity ^0.8.20;\n\n/**\n * @dev Helper library for emitting standardized panic codes.\n *\n * ```solidity\n * contract Example {\n * using Panic for uint256;\n *\n * // Use any of the declared internal constants\n * function foo() { Panic.GENERIC.panic(); }\n *\n * // Alternatively\n * function foo() { Panic.panic(Panic.GENERIC); }\n * }\n * ```\n *\n * Follows the list from https://github.com/ethereum/solidity/blob/v0.8.24/libsolutil/ErrorCodes.h[libsolutil].\n *\n * _Available since v5.1._\n */\n// slither-disable-next-line unused-state\nlibrary Panic {\n /// @dev generic / unspecified error\n uint256 internal constant GENERIC = 0x00;\n /// @dev used by the assert() builtin\n uint256 internal constant ASSERT = 0x01;\n /// @dev arithmetic underflow or overflow\n uint256 internal constant UNDER_OVERFLOW = 0x11;\n /// @dev division or modulo by zero\n uint256 internal constant DIVISION_BY_ZERO = 0x12;\n /// @dev enum conversion error\n uint256 internal constant ENUM_CONVERSION_ERROR = 0x21;\n /// @dev invalid encoding in storage\n uint256 internal constant STORAGE_ENCODING_ERROR = 0x22;\n /// @dev empty array pop\n uint256 internal constant EMPTY_ARRAY_POP = 0x31;\n /// @dev array out of bounds access\n uint256 internal constant ARRAY_OUT_OF_BOUNDS = 0x32;\n /// @dev resource error (too large allocation or too large array)\n uint256 internal constant RESOURCE_ERROR = 0x41;\n /// @dev calling invalid internal function\n uint256 internal constant INVALID_INTERNAL_FUNCTION = 0x51;\n\n /// @dev Reverts with a panic code. Recommended to use with\n /// the internal constants with predefined codes.\n function panic(uint256 code) internal pure {\n assembly (\"memory-safe\") {\n mstore(0x00, 0x4e487b71)\n mstore(0x20, code)\n revert(0x1c, 0x24)\n }\n }\n}\n"},{"file_path":"lib/openzeppelin-contracts/contracts/utils/ShortStrings.sol","source_code":"// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT\n// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.3.0) (utils/ShortStrings.sol)\n\npragma solidity ^0.8.20;\n\nimport {StorageSlot} from \"./StorageSlot.sol\";\n\n// | string | 0xAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA |\n// | length | 0x BB |\ntype ShortString is bytes32;\n\n/**\n * @dev This library provides functions to convert short memory strings\n * into a `ShortString` type that can be used as an immutable variable.\n *\n * Strings of arbitrary length can be optimized using this library if\n * they are short enough (up to 31 bytes) by packing them with their\n * length (1 byte) in a single EVM word (32 bytes). Additionally, a\n * fallback mechanism can be used for every other case.\n *\n * Usage example:\n *\n * ```solidity\n * contract Named {\n * using ShortStrings for *;\n *\n * ShortString private immutable _name;\n * string private _nameFallback;\n *\n * constructor(string memory contractName) {\n * _name = contractName.toShortStringWithFallback(_nameFallback);\n * }\n *\n * function name() external view returns (string memory) {\n * return _name.toStringWithFallback(_nameFallback);\n * }\n * }\n * ```\n */\nlibrary ShortStrings {\n // Used as an identifier for strings longer than 31 bytes.\n bytes32 private constant FALLBACK_SENTINEL = 0x00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000FF;\n\n error StringTooLong(string str);\n error InvalidShortString();\n\n /**\n * @dev Encode a string of at most 31 chars into a `ShortString`.\n *\n * This will trigger a `StringTooLong` error is the input string is too long.\n */\n function toShortString(string memory str) internal pure returns (ShortString) {\n bytes memory bstr = bytes(str);\n if (bstr.length > 31) {\n revert StringTooLong(str);\n }\n return ShortString.wrap(bytes32(uint256(bytes32(bstr)) | bstr.length));\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Decode a `ShortString` back to a \"normal\" string.\n */\n function toString(ShortString sstr) internal pure returns (string memory) {\n uint256 len = byteLength(sstr);\n // using `new string(len)` would work locally but is not memory safe.\n string memory str = new string(32);\n assembly (\"memory-safe\") {\n mstore(str, len)\n mstore(add(str, 0x20), sstr)\n }\n return str;\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Return the length of a `ShortString`.\n */\n function byteLength(ShortString sstr) internal pure returns (uint256) {\n uint256 result = uint256(ShortString.unwrap(sstr)) & 0xFF;\n if (result > 31) {\n revert InvalidShortString();\n }\n return result;\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Encode a string into a `ShortString`, or write it to storage if it is too long.\n */\n function toShortStringWithFallback(string memory value, string storage store) internal returns (ShortString) {\n if (bytes(value).length < 32) {\n return toShortString(value);\n } else {\n StorageSlot.getStringSlot(store).value = value;\n return ShortString.wrap(FALLBACK_SENTINEL);\n }\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Decode a string that was encoded to `ShortString` or written to storage using {toShortStringWithFallback}.\n */\n function toStringWithFallback(ShortString value, string storage store) internal pure returns (string memory) {\n if (ShortString.unwrap(value) != FALLBACK_SENTINEL) {\n return toString(value);\n } else {\n return store;\n }\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Return the length of a string that was encoded to `ShortString` or written to storage using\n * {toShortStringWithFallback}.\n *\n * WARNING: This will return the \"byte length\" of the string. This may not reflect the actual length in terms of\n * actual characters as the UTF-8 encoding of a single character can span over multiple bytes.\n */\n function byteLengthWithFallback(ShortString value, string storage store) internal view returns (uint256) {\n if (ShortString.unwrap(value) != FALLBACK_SENTINEL) {\n return byteLength(value);\n } else {\n return bytes(store).length;\n }\n }\n}\n"},{"file_path":"lib/openzeppelin-contracts/contracts/utils/StorageSlot.sol","source_code":"// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT\n// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.1.0) (utils/StorageSlot.sol)\n// This file was procedurally generated from scripts/generate/templates/StorageSlot.js.\n\npragma solidity ^0.8.20;\n\n/**\n * @dev Library for reading and writing primitive types to specific storage slots.\n *\n * Storage slots are often used to avoid storage conflict when dealing with upgradeable contracts.\n * This library helps with reading and writing to such slots without the need for inline assembly.\n *\n * The functions in this library return Slot structs that contain a `value` member that can be used to read or write.\n *\n * Example usage to set ERC-1967 implementation slot:\n * ```solidity\n * contract ERC1967 {\n * // Define the slot. Alternatively, use the SlotDerivation library to derive the slot.\n * bytes32 internal constant _IMPLEMENTATION_SLOT = 0x360894a13ba1a3210667c828492db98dca3e2076cc3735a920a3ca505d382bbc;\n *\n * function _getImplementation() internal view returns (address) {\n * return StorageSlot.getAddressSlot(_IMPLEMENTATION_SLOT).value;\n * }\n *\n * function _setImplementation(address newImplementation) internal {\n * require(newImplementation.code.length > 0);\n * StorageSlot.getAddressSlot(_IMPLEMENTATION_SLOT).value = newImplementation;\n * }\n * }\n * ```\n *\n * TIP: Consider using this library along with {SlotDerivation}.\n */\nlibrary StorageSlot {\n struct AddressSlot {\n address value;\n }\n\n struct BooleanSlot {\n bool value;\n }\n\n struct Bytes32Slot {\n bytes32 value;\n }\n\n struct Uint256Slot {\n uint256 value;\n }\n\n struct Int256Slot {\n int256 value;\n }\n\n struct StringSlot {\n string value;\n }\n\n struct BytesSlot {\n bytes value;\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Returns an `AddressSlot` with member `value` located at `slot`.\n */\n function getAddressSlot(bytes32 slot) internal pure returns (AddressSlot storage r) {\n assembly (\"memory-safe\") {\n r.slot := slot\n }\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Returns a `BooleanSlot` with member `value` located at `slot`.\n */\n function getBooleanSlot(bytes32 slot) internal pure returns (BooleanSlot storage r) {\n assembly (\"memory-safe\") {\n r.slot := slot\n }\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Returns a `Bytes32Slot` with member `value` located at `slot`.\n */\n function getBytes32Slot(bytes32 slot) internal pure returns (Bytes32Slot storage r) {\n assembly (\"memory-safe\") {\n r.slot := slot\n }\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Returns a `Uint256Slot` with member `value` located at `slot`.\n */\n function getUint256Slot(bytes32 slot) internal pure returns (Uint256Slot storage r) {\n assembly (\"memory-safe\") {\n r.slot := slot\n }\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Returns a `Int256Slot` with member `value` located at `slot`.\n */\n function getInt256Slot(bytes32 slot) internal pure returns (Int256Slot storage r) {\n assembly (\"memory-safe\") {\n r.slot := slot\n }\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Returns a `StringSlot` with member `value` located at `slot`.\n */\n function getStringSlot(bytes32 slot) internal pure returns (StringSlot storage r) {\n assembly (\"memory-safe\") {\n r.slot := slot\n }\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Returns an `StringSlot` representation of the string storage pointer `store`.\n */\n function getStringSlot(string storage store) internal pure returns (StringSlot storage r) {\n assembly (\"memory-safe\") {\n r.slot := store.slot\n }\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Returns a `BytesSlot` with member `value` located at `slot`.\n */\n function getBytesSlot(bytes32 slot) internal pure returns (BytesSlot storage r) {\n assembly (\"memory-safe\") {\n r.slot := slot\n }\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Returns an `BytesSlot` representation of the bytes storage pointer `store`.\n */\n function getBytesSlot(bytes storage store) internal pure returns (BytesSlot storage r) {\n assembly (\"memory-safe\") {\n r.slot := store.slot\n }\n }\n}\n"},{"file_path":"lib/openzeppelin-contracts/contracts/utils/Strings.sol","source_code":"// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT\n// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.4.0) (utils/Strings.sol)\n\npragma solidity ^0.8.20;\n\nimport {Math} from \"./math/Math.sol\";\nimport {SafeCast} from \"./math/SafeCast.sol\";\nimport {SignedMath} from \"./math/SignedMath.sol\";\n\n/**\n * @dev String operations.\n */\nlibrary Strings {\n using SafeCast for *;\n\n bytes16 private constant HEX_DIGITS = \"0123456789abcdef\";\n uint8 private constant ADDRESS_LENGTH = 20;\n uint256 private constant SPECIAL_CHARS_LOOKUP =\n (1 << 0x08) | // backspace\n (1 << 0x09) | // tab\n (1 << 0x0a) | // newline\n (1 << 0x0c) | // form feed\n (1 << 0x0d) | // carriage return\n (1 << 0x22) | // double quote\n (1 << 0x5c); // backslash\n\n /**\n * @dev The `value` string doesn't fit in the specified `length`.\n */\n error StringsInsufficientHexLength(uint256 value, uint256 length);\n\n /**\n * @dev The string being parsed contains characters that are not in scope of the given base.\n */\n error StringsInvalidChar();\n\n /**\n * @dev The string being parsed is not a properly formatted address.\n */\n error StringsInvalidAddressFormat();\n\n /**\n * @dev Converts a `uint256` to its ASCII `string` decimal representation.\n */\n function toString(uint256 value) internal pure returns (string memory) {\n unchecked {\n uint256 length = Math.log10(value) + 1;\n string memory buffer = new string(length);\n uint256 ptr;\n assembly (\"memory-safe\") {\n ptr := add(add(buffer, 0x20), length)\n }\n while (true) {\n ptr--;\n assembly (\"memory-safe\") {\n mstore8(ptr, byte(mod(value, 10), HEX_DIGITS))\n }\n value /= 10;\n if (value == 0) break;\n }\n return buffer;\n }\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Converts a `int256` to its ASCII `string` decimal representation.\n */\n function toStringSigned(int256 value) internal pure returns (string memory) {\n return string.concat(value < 0 ? \"-\" : \"\", toString(SignedMath.abs(value)));\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Converts a `uint256` to its ASCII `string` hexadecimal representation.\n */\n function toHexString(uint256 value) internal pure returns (string memory) {\n unchecked {\n return toHexString(value, Math.log256(value) + 1);\n }\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Converts a `uint256` to its ASCII `string` hexadecimal representation with fixed length.\n */\n function toHexString(uint256 value, uint256 length) internal pure returns (string memory) {\n uint256 localValue = value;\n bytes memory buffer = new bytes(2 * length + 2);\n buffer[0] = \"0\";\n buffer[1] = \"x\";\n for (uint256 i = 2 * length + 1; i > 1; --i) {\n buffer[i] = HEX_DIGITS[localValue & 0xf];\n localValue >>= 4;\n }\n if (localValue != 0) {\n revert StringsInsufficientHexLength(value, length);\n }\n return string(buffer);\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Converts an `address` with fixed length of 20 bytes to its not checksummed ASCII `string` hexadecimal\n * representation.\n */\n function toHexString(address addr) internal pure returns (string memory) {\n return toHexString(uint256(uint160(addr)), ADDRESS_LENGTH);\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Converts an `address` with fixed length of 20 bytes to its checksummed ASCII `string` hexadecimal\n * representation, according to EIP-55.\n */\n function toChecksumHexString(address addr) internal pure returns (string memory) {\n bytes memory buffer = bytes(toHexString(addr));\n\n // hash the hex part of buffer (skip length + 2 bytes, length 40)\n uint256 hashValue;\n assembly (\"memory-safe\") {\n hashValue := shr(96, keccak256(add(buffer, 0x22), 40))\n }\n\n for (uint256 i = 41; i > 1; --i) {\n // possible values for buffer[i] are 48 (0) to 57 (9) and 97 (a) to 102 (f)\n if (hashValue & 0xf > 7 && uint8(buffer[i]) > 96) {\n // case shift by xoring with 0x20\n buffer[i] ^= 0x20;\n }\n hashValue >>= 4;\n }\n return string(buffer);\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Returns true if the two strings are equal.\n */\n function equal(string memory a, string memory b) internal pure returns (bool) {\n return bytes(a).length == bytes(b).length && keccak256(bytes(a)) == keccak256(bytes(b));\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Parse a decimal string and returns the value as a `uint256`.\n *\n * Requirements:\n * - The string must be formatted as `[0-9]*`\n * - The result must fit into an `uint256` type\n */\n function parseUint(string memory input) internal pure returns (uint256) {\n return parseUint(input, 0, bytes(input).length);\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Variant of {parseUint-string} that parses a substring of `input` located between position `begin` (included) and\n * `end` (excluded).\n *\n * Requirements:\n * - The substring must be formatted as `[0-9]*`\n * - The result must fit into an `uint256` type\n */\n function parseUint(string memory input, uint256 begin, uint256 end) internal pure returns (uint256) {\n (bool success, uint256 value) = tryParseUint(input, begin, end);\n if (!success) revert StringsInvalidChar();\n return value;\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Variant of {parseUint-string} that returns false if the parsing fails because of an invalid character.\n *\n * NOTE: This function will revert if the result does not fit in a `uint256`.\n */\n function tryParseUint(string memory input) internal pure returns (bool success, uint256 value) {\n return _tryParseUintUncheckedBounds(input, 0, bytes(input).length);\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Variant of {parseUint-string-uint256-uint256} that returns false if the parsing fails because of an invalid\n * character.\n *\n * NOTE: This function will revert if the result does not fit in a `uint256`.\n */\n function tryParseUint(\n string memory input,\n uint256 begin,\n uint256 end\n ) internal pure returns (bool success, uint256 value) {\n if (end > bytes(input).length || begin > end) return (false, 0);\n return _tryParseUintUncheckedBounds(input, begin, end);\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Implementation of {tryParseUint-string-uint256-uint256} that does not check bounds. Caller should make sure that\n * `begin <= end <= input.length`. Other inputs would result in undefined behavior.\n */\n function _tryParseUintUncheckedBounds(\n string memory input,\n uint256 begin,\n uint256 end\n ) private pure returns (bool success, uint256 value) {\n bytes memory buffer = bytes(input);\n\n uint256 result = 0;\n for (uint256 i = begin; i < end; ++i) {\n uint8 chr = _tryParseChr(bytes1(_unsafeReadBytesOffset(buffer, i)));\n if (chr > 9) return (false, 0);\n result *= 10;\n result += chr;\n }\n return (true, result);\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Parse a decimal string and returns the value as a `int256`.\n *\n * Requirements:\n * - The string must be formatted as `[-+]?[0-9]*`\n * - The result must fit in an `int256` type.\n */\n function parseInt(string memory input) internal pure returns (int256) {\n return parseInt(input, 0, bytes(input).length);\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Variant of {parseInt-string} that parses a substring of `input` located between position `begin` (included) and\n * `end` (excluded).\n *\n * Requirements:\n * - The substring must be formatted as `[-+]?[0-9]*`\n * - The result must fit in an `int256` type.\n */\n function parseInt(string memory input, uint256 begin, uint256 end) internal pure returns (int256) {\n (bool success, int256 value) = tryParseInt(input, begin, end);\n if (!success) revert StringsInvalidChar();\n return value;\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Variant of {parseInt-string} that returns false if the parsing fails because of an invalid character or if\n * the result does not fit in a `int256`.\n *\n * NOTE: This function will revert if the absolute value of the result does not fit in a `uint256`.\n */\n function tryParseInt(string memory input) internal pure returns (bool success, int256 value) {\n return _tryParseIntUncheckedBounds(input, 0, bytes(input).length);\n }\n\n uint256 private constant ABS_MIN_INT256 = 2 ** 255;\n\n /**\n * @dev Variant of {parseInt-string-uint256-uint256} that returns false if the parsing fails because of an invalid\n * character or if the result does not fit in a `int256`.\n *\n * NOTE: This function will revert if the absolute value of the result does not fit in a `uint256`.\n */\n function tryParseInt(\n string memory input,\n uint256 begin,\n uint256 end\n ) internal pure returns (bool success, int256 value) {\n if (end > bytes(input).length || begin > end) return (false, 0);\n return _tryParseIntUncheckedBounds(input, begin, end);\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Implementation of {tryParseInt-string-uint256-uint256} that does not check bounds. Caller should make sure that\n * `begin <= end <= input.length`. Other inputs would result in undefined behavior.\n */\n function _tryParseIntUncheckedBounds(\n string memory input,\n uint256 begin,\n uint256 end\n ) private pure returns (bool success, int256 value) {\n bytes memory buffer = bytes(input);\n\n // Check presence of a negative sign.\n bytes1 sign = begin == end ? bytes1(0) : bytes1(_unsafeReadBytesOffset(buffer, begin)); // don't do out-of-bound (possibly unsafe) read if sub-string is empty\n bool positiveSign = sign == bytes1(\"+\");\n bool negativeSign = sign == bytes1(\"-\");\n uint256 offset = (positiveSign || negativeSign).toUint();\n\n (bool absSuccess, uint256 absValue) = tryParseUint(input, begin + offset, end);\n\n if (absSuccess && absValue < ABS_MIN_INT256) {\n return (true, negativeSign ? -int256(absValue) : int256(absValue));\n } else if (absSuccess && negativeSign && absValue == ABS_MIN_INT256) {\n return (true, type(int256).min);\n } else return (false, 0);\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Parse a hexadecimal string (with or without \"0x\" prefix), and returns the value as a `uint256`.\n *\n * Requirements:\n * - The string must be formatted as `(0x)?[0-9a-fA-F]*`\n * - The result must fit in an `uint256` type.\n */\n function parseHexUint(string memory input) internal pure returns (uint256) {\n return parseHexUint(input, 0, bytes(input).length);\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Variant of {parseHexUint-string} that parses a substring of `input` located between position `begin` (included) and\n * `end` (excluded).\n *\n * Requirements:\n * - The substring must be formatted as `(0x)?[0-9a-fA-F]*`\n * - The result must fit in an `uint256` type.\n */\n function parseHexUint(string memory input, uint256 begin, uint256 end) internal pure returns (uint256) {\n (bool success, uint256 value) = tryParseHexUint(input, begin, end);\n if (!success) revert StringsInvalidChar();\n return value;\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Variant of {parseHexUint-string} that returns false if the parsing fails because of an invalid character.\n *\n * NOTE: This function will revert if the result does not fit in a `uint256`.\n */\n function tryParseHexUint(string memory input) internal pure returns (bool success, uint256 value) {\n return _tryParseHexUintUncheckedBounds(input, 0, bytes(input).length);\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Variant of {parseHexUint-string-uint256-uint256} that returns false if the parsing fails because of an\n * invalid character.\n *\n * NOTE: This function will revert if the result does not fit in a `uint256`.\n */\n function tryParseHexUint(\n string memory input,\n uint256 begin,\n uint256 end\n ) internal pure returns (bool success, uint256 value) {\n if (end > bytes(input).length || begin > end) return (false, 0);\n return _tryParseHexUintUncheckedBounds(input, begin, end);\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Implementation of {tryParseHexUint-string-uint256-uint256} that does not check bounds. Caller should make sure that\n * `begin <= end <= input.length`. Other inputs would result in undefined behavior.\n */\n function _tryParseHexUintUncheckedBounds(\n string memory input,\n uint256 begin,\n uint256 end\n ) private pure returns (bool success, uint256 value) {\n bytes memory buffer = bytes(input);\n\n // skip 0x prefix if present\n bool hasPrefix = (end > begin + 1) && bytes2(_unsafeReadBytesOffset(buffer, begin)) == bytes2(\"0x\"); // don't do out-of-bound (possibly unsafe) read if sub-string is empty\n uint256 offset = hasPrefix.toUint() * 2;\n\n uint256 result = 0;\n for (uint256 i = begin + offset; i < end; ++i) {\n uint8 chr = _tryParseChr(bytes1(_unsafeReadBytesOffset(buffer, i)));\n if (chr > 15) return (false, 0);\n result *= 16;\n unchecked {\n // Multiplying by 16 is equivalent to a shift of 4 bits (with additional overflow check).\n // This guarantees that adding a value < 16 will not cause an overflow, hence the unchecked.\n result += chr;\n }\n }\n return (true, result);\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Parse a hexadecimal string (with or without \"0x\" prefix), and returns the value as an `address`.\n *\n * Requirements:\n * - The string must be formatted as `(0x)?[0-9a-fA-F]{40}`\n */\n function parseAddress(string memory input) internal pure returns (address) {\n return parseAddress(input, 0, bytes(input).length);\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Variant of {parseAddress-string} that parses a substring of `input` located between position `begin` (included) and\n * `end` (excluded).\n *\n * Requirements:\n * - The substring must be formatted as `(0x)?[0-9a-fA-F]{40}`\n */\n function parseAddress(string memory input, uint256 begin, uint256 end) internal pure returns (address) {\n (bool success, address value) = tryParseAddress(input, begin, end);\n if (!success) revert StringsInvalidAddressFormat();\n return value;\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Variant of {parseAddress-string} that returns false if the parsing fails because the input is not a properly\n * formatted address. See {parseAddress-string} requirements.\n */\n function tryParseAddress(string memory input) internal pure returns (bool success, address value) {\n return tryParseAddress(input, 0, bytes(input).length);\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Variant of {parseAddress-string-uint256-uint256} that returns false if the parsing fails because input is not a properly\n * formatted address. See {parseAddress-string-uint256-uint256} requirements.\n */\n function tryParseAddress(\n string memory input,\n uint256 begin,\n uint256 end\n ) internal pure returns (bool success, address value) {\n if (end > bytes(input).length || begin > end) return (false, address(0));\n\n bool hasPrefix = (end > begin + 1) && bytes2(_unsafeReadBytesOffset(bytes(input), begin)) == bytes2(\"0x\"); // don't do out-of-bound (possibly unsafe) read if sub-string is empty\n uint256 expectedLength = 40 + hasPrefix.toUint() * 2;\n\n // check that input is the correct length\n if (end - begin == expectedLength) {\n // length guarantees that this does not overflow, and value is at most type(uint160).max\n (bool s, uint256 v) = _tryParseHexUintUncheckedBounds(input, begin, end);\n return (s, address(uint160(v)));\n } else {\n return (false, address(0));\n }\n }\n\n function _tryParseChr(bytes1 chr) private pure returns (uint8) {\n uint8 value = uint8(chr);\n\n // Try to parse `chr`:\n // - Case 1: [0-9]\n // - Case 2: [a-f]\n // - Case 3: [A-F]\n // - otherwise not supported\n unchecked {\n if (value > 47 && value < 58) value -= 48;\n else if (value > 96 && value < 103) value -= 87;\n else if (value > 64 && value < 71) value -= 55;\n else return type(uint8).max;\n }\n\n return value;\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Escape special characters in JSON strings. This can be useful to prevent JSON injection in NFT metadata.\n *\n * WARNING: This function should only be used in double quoted JSON strings. Single quotes are not escaped.\n *\n * NOTE: This function escapes all unicode characters, and not just the ones in ranges defined in section 2.5 of\n * RFC-4627 (U+0000 to U+001F, U+0022 and U+005C). ECMAScript's `JSON.parse` does recover escaped unicode\n * characters that are not in this range, but other tooling may provide different results.\n */\n function escapeJSON(string memory input) internal pure returns (string memory) {\n bytes memory buffer = bytes(input);\n bytes memory output = new bytes(2 * buffer.length); // worst case scenario\n uint256 outputLength = 0;\n\n for (uint256 i; i < buffer.length; ++i) {\n bytes1 char = bytes1(_unsafeReadBytesOffset(buffer, i));\n if (((SPECIAL_CHARS_LOOKUP & (1 << uint8(char))) != 0)) {\n output[outputLength++] = \"\\\\\";\n if (char == 0x08) output[outputLength++] = \"b\";\n else if (char == 0x09) output[outputLength++] = \"t\";\n else if (char == 0x0a) output[outputLength++] = \"n\";\n else if (char == 0x0c) output[outputLength++] = \"f\";\n else if (char == 0x0d) output[outputLength++] = \"r\";\n else if (char == 0x5c) output[outputLength++] = \"\\\\\";\n else if (char == 0x22) {\n // solhint-disable-next-line quotes\n output[outputLength++] = '\"';\n }\n } else {\n output[outputLength++] = char;\n }\n }\n // write the actual length and deallocate unused memory\n assembly (\"memory-safe\") {\n mstore(output, outputLength)\n mstore(0x40, add(output, shl(5, shr(5, add(outputLength, 63)))))\n }\n\n return string(output);\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Reads a bytes32 from a bytes array without bounds checking.\n *\n * NOTE: making this function internal would mean it could be used with memory unsafe offset, and marking the\n * assembly block as such would prevent some optimizations.\n */\n function _unsafeReadBytesOffset(bytes memory buffer, uint256 offset) private pure returns (bytes32 value) {\n // This is not memory safe in the general case, but all calls to this private function are within bounds.\n assembly (\"memory-safe\") {\n value := mload(add(add(buffer, 0x20), offset))\n }\n }\n}\n"},{"file_path":"lib/openzeppelin-contracts/contracts/utils/cryptography/ECDSA.sol","source_code":"// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT\n// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.1.0) (utils/cryptography/ECDSA.sol)\n\npragma solidity ^0.8.20;\n\n/**\n * @dev Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm (ECDSA) operations.\n *\n * These functions can be used to verify that a message was signed by the holder\n * of the private keys of a given address.\n */\nlibrary ECDSA {\n enum RecoverError {\n NoError,\n InvalidSignature,\n InvalidSignatureLength,\n InvalidSignatureS\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev The signature derives the `address(0)`.\n */\n error ECDSAInvalidSignature();\n\n /**\n * @dev The signature has an invalid length.\n */\n error ECDSAInvalidSignatureLength(uint256 length);\n\n /**\n * @dev The signature has an S value that is in the upper half order.\n */\n error ECDSAInvalidSignatureS(bytes32 s);\n\n /**\n * @dev Returns the address that signed a hashed message (`hash`) with `signature` or an error. This will not\n * return address(0) without also returning an error description. Errors are documented using an enum (error type)\n * and a bytes32 providing additional information about the error.\n *\n * If no error is returned, then the address can be used for verification purposes.\n *\n * The `ecrecover` EVM precompile allows for malleable (non-unique) signatures:\n * this function rejects them by requiring the `s` value to be in the lower\n * half order, and the `v` value to be either 27 or 28.\n *\n * IMPORTANT: `hash` _must_ be the result of a hash operation for the\n * verification to be secure: it is possible to craft signatures that\n * recover to arbitrary addresses for non-hashed data. A safe way to ensure\n * this is by receiving a hash of the original message (which may otherwise\n * be too long), and then calling {MessageHashUtils-toEthSignedMessageHash} on it.\n *\n * Documentation for signature generation:\n * - with https://web3js.readthedocs.io/en/v1.3.4/web3-eth-accounts.html#sign[Web3.js]\n * - with https://docs.ethers.io/v5/api/signer/#Signer-signMessage[ethers]\n */\n function tryRecover(\n bytes32 hash,\n bytes memory signature\n ) internal pure returns (address recovered, RecoverError err, bytes32 errArg) {\n if (signature.length == 65) {\n bytes32 r;\n bytes32 s;\n uint8 v;\n // ecrecover takes the signature parameters, and the only way to get them\n // currently is to use assembly.\n assembly (\"memory-safe\") {\n r := mload(add(signature, 0x20))\n s := mload(add(signature, 0x40))\n v := byte(0, mload(add(signature, 0x60)))\n }\n return tryRecover(hash, v, r, s);\n } else {\n return (address(0), RecoverError.InvalidSignatureLength, bytes32(signature.length));\n }\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Returns the address that signed a hashed message (`hash`) with\n * `signature`. This address can then be used for verification purposes.\n *\n * The `ecrecover` EVM precompile allows for malleable (non-unique) signatures:\n * this function rejects them by requiring the `s` value to be in the lower\n * half order, and the `v` value to be either 27 or 28.\n *\n * IMPORTANT: `hash` _must_ be the result of a hash operation for the\n * verification to be secure: it is possible to craft signatures that\n * recover to arbitrary addresses for non-hashed data. A safe way to ensure\n * this is by receiving a hash of the original message (which may otherwise\n * be too long), and then calling {MessageHashUtils-toEthSignedMessageHash} on it.\n */\n function recover(bytes32 hash, bytes memory signature) internal pure returns (address) {\n (address recovered, RecoverError error, bytes32 errorArg) = tryRecover(hash, signature);\n _throwError(error, errorArg);\n return recovered;\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Overload of {ECDSA-tryRecover} that receives the `r` and `vs` short-signature fields separately.\n *\n * See https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-2098[ERC-2098 short signatures]\n */\n function tryRecover(\n bytes32 hash,\n bytes32 r,\n bytes32 vs\n ) internal pure returns (address recovered, RecoverError err, bytes32 errArg) {\n unchecked {\n bytes32 s = vs & bytes32(0x7fffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff);\n // We do not check for an overflow here since the shift operation results in 0 or 1.\n uint8 v = uint8((uint256(vs) >> 255) + 27);\n return tryRecover(hash, v, r, s);\n }\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Overload of {ECDSA-recover} that receives the `r and `vs` short-signature fields separately.\n */\n function recover(bytes32 hash, bytes32 r, bytes32 vs) internal pure returns (address) {\n (address recovered, RecoverError error, bytes32 errorArg) = tryRecover(hash, r, vs);\n _throwError(error, errorArg);\n return recovered;\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Overload of {ECDSA-tryRecover} that receives the `v`,\n * `r` and `s` signature fields separately.\n */\n function tryRecover(\n bytes32 hash,\n uint8 v,\n bytes32 r,\n bytes32 s\n ) internal pure returns (address recovered, RecoverError err, bytes32 errArg) {\n // EIP-2 still allows signature malleability for ecrecover(). Remove this possibility and make the signature\n // unique. Appendix F in the Ethereum Yellow paper (https://ethereum.github.io/yellowpaper/paper.pdf), defines\n // the valid range for s in (301): 0 < s < secp256k1n ÷ 2 + 1, and for v in (302): v ∈ {27, 28}. Most\n // signatures from current libraries generate a unique signature with an s-value in the lower half order.\n //\n // If your library generates malleable signatures, such as s-values in the upper range, calculate a new s-value\n // with 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFEBAAEDCE6AF48A03BBFD25E8CD0364141 - s1 and flip v from 27 to 28 or\n // vice versa. If your library also generates signatures with 0/1 for v instead 27/28, add 27 to v to accept\n // these malleable signatures as well.\n if (uint256(s) > 0x7FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF5D576E7357A4501DDFE92F46681B20A0) {\n return (address(0), RecoverError.InvalidSignatureS, s);\n }\n\n // If the signature is valid (and not malleable), return the signer address\n address signer = ecrecover(hash, v, r, s);\n if (signer == address(0)) {\n return (address(0), RecoverError.InvalidSignature, bytes32(0));\n }\n\n return (signer, RecoverError.NoError, bytes32(0));\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Overload of {ECDSA-recover} that receives the `v`,\n * `r` and `s` signature fields separately.\n */\n function recover(bytes32 hash, uint8 v, bytes32 r, bytes32 s) internal pure returns (address) {\n (address recovered, RecoverError error, bytes32 errorArg) = tryRecover(hash, v, r, s);\n _throwError(error, errorArg);\n return recovered;\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Optionally reverts with the corresponding custom error according to the `error` argument provided.\n */\n function _throwError(RecoverError error, bytes32 errorArg) private pure {\n if (error == RecoverError.NoError) {\n return; // no error: do nothing\n } else if (error == RecoverError.InvalidSignature) {\n revert ECDSAInvalidSignature();\n } else if (error == RecoverError.InvalidSignatureLength) {\n revert ECDSAInvalidSignatureLength(uint256(errorArg));\n } else if (error == RecoverError.InvalidSignatureS) {\n revert ECDSAInvalidSignatureS(errorArg);\n }\n }\n}\n"},{"file_path":"lib/openzeppelin-contracts/contracts/utils/cryptography/EIP712.sol","source_code":"// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT\n// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.4.0) (utils/cryptography/EIP712.sol)\n\npragma solidity ^0.8.20;\n\nimport {MessageHashUtils} from \"./MessageHashUtils.sol\";\nimport {ShortStrings, ShortString} from \"../ShortStrings.sol\";\nimport {IERC5267} from \"../../interfaces/IERC5267.sol\";\n\n/**\n * @dev https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-712[EIP-712] is a standard for hashing and signing of typed structured data.\n *\n * The encoding scheme specified in the EIP requires a domain separator and a hash of the typed structured data, whose\n * encoding is very generic and therefore its implementation in Solidity is not feasible, thus this contract\n * does not implement the encoding itself. Protocols need to implement the type-specific encoding they need in order to\n * produce the hash of their typed data using a combination of `abi.encode` and `keccak256`.\n *\n * This contract implements the EIP-712 domain separator ({_domainSeparatorV4}) that is used as part of the encoding\n * scheme, and the final step of the encoding to obtain the message digest that is then signed via ECDSA\n * ({_hashTypedDataV4}).\n *\n * The implementation of the domain separator was designed to be as efficient as possible while still properly updating\n * the chain id to protect against replay attacks on an eventual fork of the chain.\n *\n * NOTE: This contract implements the version of the encoding known as \"v4\", as implemented by the JSON RPC method\n * https://docs.metamask.io/guide/signing-data.html[`eth_signTypedDataV4` in MetaMask].\n *\n * NOTE: In the upgradeable version of this contract, the cached values will correspond to the address, and the domain\n * separator of the implementation contract. This will cause the {_domainSeparatorV4} function to always rebuild the\n * separator from the immutable values, which is cheaper than accessing a cached version in cold storage.\n *\n * @custom:oz-upgrades-unsafe-allow state-variable-immutable\n */\nabstract contract EIP712 is IERC5267 {\n using ShortStrings for *;\n\n bytes32 private constant TYPE_HASH =\n keccak256(\"EIP712Domain(string name,string version,uint256 chainId,address verifyingContract)\");\n\n // Cache the domain separator as an immutable value, but also store the chain id that it corresponds to, in order to\n // invalidate the cached domain separator if the chain id changes.\n bytes32 private immutable _cachedDomainSeparator;\n uint256 private immutable _cachedChainId;\n address private immutable _cachedThis;\n\n bytes32 private immutable _hashedName;\n bytes32 private immutable _hashedVersion;\n\n ShortString private immutable _name;\n ShortString private immutable _version;\n // slither-disable-next-line constable-states\n string private _nameFallback;\n // slither-disable-next-line constable-states\n string private _versionFallback;\n\n /**\n * @dev Initializes the domain separator and parameter caches.\n *\n * The meaning of `name` and `version` is specified in\n * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-712#definition-of-domainseparator[EIP-712]:\n *\n * - `name`: the user readable name of the signing domain, i.e. the name of the DApp or the protocol.\n * - `version`: the current major version of the signing domain.\n *\n * NOTE: These parameters cannot be changed except through a xref:learn::upgrading-smart-contracts.adoc[smart\n * contract upgrade].\n */\n constructor(string memory name, string memory version) {\n _name = name.toShortStringWithFallback(_nameFallback);\n _version = version.toShortStringWithFallback(_versionFallback);\n _hashedName = keccak256(bytes(name));\n _hashedVersion = keccak256(bytes(version));\n\n _cachedChainId = block.chainid;\n _cachedDomainSeparator = _buildDomainSeparator();\n _cachedThis = address(this);\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Returns the domain separator for the current chain.\n */\n function _domainSeparatorV4() internal view returns (bytes32) {\n if (address(this) == _cachedThis && block.chainid == _cachedChainId) {\n return _cachedDomainSeparator;\n } else {\n return _buildDomainSeparator();\n }\n }\n\n function _buildDomainSeparator() private view returns (bytes32) {\n return keccak256(abi.encode(TYPE_HASH, _hashedName, _hashedVersion, block.chainid, address(this)));\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Given an already https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-712#definition-of-hashstruct[hashed struct], this\n * function returns the hash of the fully encoded EIP712 message for this domain.\n *\n * This hash can be used together with {ECDSA-recover} to obtain the signer of a message. For example:\n *\n * ```solidity\n * bytes32 digest = _hashTypedDataV4(keccak256(abi.encode(\n * keccak256(\"Mail(address to,string contents)\"),\n * mailTo,\n * keccak256(bytes(mailContents))\n * )));\n * address signer = ECDSA.recover(digest, signature);\n * ```\n */\n function _hashTypedDataV4(bytes32 structHash) internal view virtual returns (bytes32) {\n return MessageHashUtils.toTypedDataHash(_domainSeparatorV4(), structHash);\n }\n\n /// @inheritdoc IERC5267\n function eip712Domain()\n public\n view\n virtual\n returns (\n bytes1 fields,\n string memory name,\n string memory version,\n uint256 chainId,\n address verifyingContract,\n bytes32 salt,\n uint256[] memory extensions\n )\n {\n return (\n hex\"0f\", // 01111\n _EIP712Name(),\n _EIP712Version(),\n block.chainid,\n address(this),\n bytes32(0),\n new uint256[](0)\n );\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev The name parameter for the EIP712 domain.\n *\n * NOTE: By default this function reads _name which is an immutable value.\n * It only reads from storage if necessary (in case the value is too large to fit in a ShortString).\n */\n // solhint-disable-next-line func-name-mixedcase\n function _EIP712Name() internal view returns (string memory) {\n return _name.toStringWithFallback(_nameFallback);\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev The version parameter for the EIP712 domain.\n *\n * NOTE: By default this function reads _version which is an immutable value.\n * It only reads from storage if necessary (in case the value is too large to fit in a ShortString).\n */\n // solhint-disable-next-line func-name-mixedcase\n function _EIP712Version() internal view returns (string memory) {\n return _version.toStringWithFallback(_versionFallback);\n }\n}\n"},{"file_path":"lib/openzeppelin-contracts/contracts/utils/cryptography/MessageHashUtils.sol","source_code":"// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT\n// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.3.0) (utils/cryptography/MessageHashUtils.sol)\n\npragma solidity ^0.8.20;\n\nimport {Strings} from \"../Strings.sol\";\n\n/**\n * @dev Signature message hash utilities for producing digests to be consumed by {ECDSA} recovery or signing.\n *\n * The library provides methods for generating a hash of a message that conforms to the\n * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-191[ERC-191] and https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-712[EIP 712]\n * specifications.\n */\nlibrary MessageHashUtils {\n /**\n * @dev Returns the keccak256 digest of an ERC-191 signed data with version\n * `0x45` (`personal_sign` messages).\n *\n * The digest is calculated by prefixing a bytes32 `messageHash` with\n * `\"\\x19Ethereum Signed Message:\\n32\"` and hashing the result. It corresponds with the\n * hash signed when using the https://ethereum.org/en/developers/docs/apis/json-rpc/#eth_sign[`eth_sign`] JSON-RPC method.\n *\n * NOTE: The `messageHash` parameter is intended to be the result of hashing a raw message with\n * keccak256, although any bytes32 value can be safely used because the final digest will\n * be re-hashed.\n *\n * See {ECDSA-recover}.\n */\n function toEthSignedMessageHash(bytes32 messageHash) internal pure returns (bytes32 digest) {\n assembly (\"memory-safe\") {\n mstore(0x00, \"\\x19Ethereum Signed Message:\\n32\") // 32 is the bytes-length of messageHash\n mstore(0x1c, messageHash) // 0x1c (28) is the length of the prefix\n digest := keccak256(0x00, 0x3c) // 0x3c is the length of the prefix (0x1c) + messageHash (0x20)\n }\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Returns the keccak256 digest of an ERC-191 signed data with version\n * `0x45` (`personal_sign` messages).\n *\n * The digest is calculated by prefixing an arbitrary `message` with\n * `\"\\x19Ethereum Signed Message:\\n\" + len(message)` and hashing the result. It corresponds with the\n * hash signed when using the https://ethereum.org/en/developers/docs/apis/json-rpc/#eth_sign[`eth_sign`] JSON-RPC method.\n *\n * See {ECDSA-recover}.\n */\n function toEthSignedMessageHash(bytes memory message) internal pure returns (bytes32) {\n return\n keccak256(bytes.concat(\"\\x19Ethereum Signed Message:\\n\", bytes(Strings.toString(message.length)), message));\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Returns the keccak256 digest of an ERC-191 signed data with version\n * `0x00` (data with intended validator).\n *\n * The digest is calculated by prefixing an arbitrary `data` with `\"\\x19\\x00\"` and the intended\n * `validator` address. Then hashing the result.\n *\n * See {ECDSA-recover}.\n */\n function toDataWithIntendedValidatorHash(address validator, bytes memory data) internal pure returns (bytes32) {\n return keccak256(abi.encodePacked(hex\"19_00\", validator, data));\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Variant of {toDataWithIntendedValidatorHash-address-bytes} optimized for cases where `data` is a bytes32.\n */\n function toDataWithIntendedValidatorHash(\n address validator,\n bytes32 messageHash\n ) internal pure returns (bytes32 digest) {\n assembly (\"memory-safe\") {\n mstore(0x00, hex\"19_00\")\n mstore(0x02, shl(96, validator))\n mstore(0x16, messageHash)\n digest := keccak256(0x00, 0x36)\n }\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Returns the keccak256 digest of an EIP-712 typed data (ERC-191 version `0x01`).\n *\n * The digest is calculated from a `domainSeparator` and a `structHash`, by prefixing them with\n * `\\x19\\x01` and hashing the result. It corresponds to the hash signed by the\n * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-712[`eth_signTypedData`] JSON-RPC method as part of EIP-712.\n *\n * See {ECDSA-recover}.\n */\n function toTypedDataHash(bytes32 domainSeparator, bytes32 structHash) internal pure returns (bytes32 digest) {\n assembly (\"memory-safe\") {\n let ptr := mload(0x40)\n mstore(ptr, hex\"19_01\")\n mstore(add(ptr, 0x02), domainSeparator)\n mstore(add(ptr, 0x22), structHash)\n digest := keccak256(ptr, 0x42)\n }\n }\n}\n"},{"file_path":"lib/openzeppelin-contracts/contracts/utils/math/Math.sol","source_code":"// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT\n// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.3.0) (utils/math/Math.sol)\n\npragma solidity ^0.8.20;\n\nimport {Panic} from \"../Panic.sol\";\nimport {SafeCast} from \"./SafeCast.sol\";\n\n/**\n * @dev Standard math utilities missing in the Solidity language.\n */\nlibrary Math {\n enum Rounding {\n Floor, // Toward negative infinity\n Ceil, // Toward positive infinity\n Trunc, // Toward zero\n Expand // Away from zero\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Return the 512-bit addition of two uint256.\n *\n * The result is stored in two 256 variables such that sum = high * 2²⁵⁶ + low.\n */\n function add512(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256 high, uint256 low) {\n assembly (\"memory-safe\") {\n low := add(a, b)\n high := lt(low, a)\n }\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Return the 512-bit multiplication of two uint256.\n *\n * The result is stored in two 256 variables such that product = high * 2²⁵⁶ + low.\n */\n function mul512(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256 high, uint256 low) {\n // 512-bit multiply [high low] = x * y. Compute the product mod 2²⁵⁶ and mod 2²⁵⁶ - 1, then use\n // the Chinese Remainder Theorem to reconstruct the 512 bit result. The result is stored in two 256\n // variables such that product = high * 2²⁵⁶ + low.\n assembly (\"memory-safe\") {\n let mm := mulmod(a, b, not(0))\n low := mul(a, b)\n high := sub(sub(mm, low), lt(mm, low))\n }\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Returns the addition of two unsigned integers, with a success flag (no overflow).\n */\n function tryAdd(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (bool success, uint256 result) {\n unchecked {\n uint256 c = a + b;\n success = c >= a;\n result = c * SafeCast.toUint(success);\n }\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Returns the subtraction of two unsigned integers, with a success flag (no overflow).\n */\n function trySub(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (bool success, uint256 result) {\n unchecked {\n uint256 c = a - b;\n success = c <= a;\n result = c * SafeCast.toUint(success);\n }\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Returns the multiplication of two unsigned integers, with a success flag (no overflow).\n */\n function tryMul(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (bool success, uint256 result) {\n unchecked {\n uint256 c = a * b;\n assembly (\"memory-safe\") {\n // Only true when the multiplication doesn't overflow\n // (c / a == b) || (a == 0)\n success := or(eq(div(c, a), b), iszero(a))\n }\n // equivalent to: success ? c : 0\n result = c * SafeCast.toUint(success);\n }\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Returns the division of two unsigned integers, with a success flag (no division by zero).\n */\n function tryDiv(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (bool success, uint256 result) {\n unchecked {\n success = b > 0;\n assembly (\"memory-safe\") {\n // The `DIV` opcode returns zero when the denominator is 0.\n result := div(a, b)\n }\n }\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Returns the remainder of dividing two unsigned integers, with a success flag (no division by zero).\n */\n function tryMod(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (bool success, uint256 result) {\n unchecked {\n success = b > 0;\n assembly (\"memory-safe\") {\n // The `MOD` opcode returns zero when the denominator is 0.\n result := mod(a, b)\n }\n }\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Unsigned saturating addition, bounds to `2²⁵⁶ - 1` instead of overflowing.\n */\n function saturatingAdd(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {\n (bool success, uint256 result) = tryAdd(a, b);\n return ternary(success, result, type(uint256).max);\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Unsigned saturating subtraction, bounds to zero instead of overflowing.\n */\n function saturatingSub(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {\n (, uint256 result) = trySub(a, b);\n return result;\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Unsigned saturating multiplication, bounds to `2²⁵⁶ - 1` instead of overflowing.\n */\n function saturatingMul(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {\n (bool success, uint256 result) = tryMul(a, b);\n return ternary(success, result, type(uint256).max);\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Branchless ternary evaluation for `a ? b : c`. Gas costs are constant.\n *\n * IMPORTANT: This function may reduce bytecode size and consume less gas when used standalone.\n * However, the compiler may optimize Solidity ternary operations (i.e. `a ? b : c`) to only compute\n * one branch when needed, making this function more expensive.\n */\n function ternary(bool condition, uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {\n unchecked {\n // branchless ternary works because:\n // b ^ (a ^ b) == a\n // b ^ 0 == b\n return b ^ ((a ^ b) * SafeCast.toUint(condition));\n }\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Returns the largest of two numbers.\n */\n function max(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {\n return ternary(a > b, a, b);\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Returns the smallest of two numbers.\n */\n function min(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {\n return ternary(a < b, a, b);\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Returns the average of two numbers. The result is rounded towards\n * zero.\n */\n function average(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {\n // (a + b) / 2 can overflow.\n return (a & b) + (a ^ b) / 2;\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Returns the ceiling of the division of two numbers.\n *\n * This differs from standard division with `/` in that it rounds towards infinity instead\n * of rounding towards zero.\n */\n function ceilDiv(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {\n if (b == 0) {\n // Guarantee the same behavior as in a regular Solidity division.\n Panic.panic(Panic.DIVISION_BY_ZERO);\n }\n\n // The following calculation ensures accurate ceiling division without overflow.\n // Since a is non-zero, (a - 1) / b will not overflow.\n // The largest possible result occurs when (a - 1) / b is type(uint256).max,\n // but the largest value we can obtain is type(uint256).max - 1, which happens\n // when a = type(uint256).max and b = 1.\n unchecked {\n return SafeCast.toUint(a > 0) * ((a - 1) / b + 1);\n }\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Calculates floor(x * y / denominator) with full precision. Throws if result overflows a uint256 or\n * denominator == 0.\n *\n * Original credit to Remco Bloemen under MIT license (https://xn--2-umb.com/21/muldiv) with further edits by\n * Uniswap Labs also under MIT license.\n */\n function mulDiv(uint256 x, uint256 y, uint256 denominator) internal pure returns (uint256 result) {\n unchecked {\n (uint256 high, uint256 low) = mul512(x, y);\n\n // Handle non-overflow cases, 256 by 256 division.\n if (high == 0) {\n // Solidity will revert if denominator == 0, unlike the div opcode on its own.\n // The surrounding unchecked block does not change this fact.\n // See https://docs.soliditylang.org/en/latest/control-structures.html#checked-or-unchecked-arithmetic.\n return low / denominator;\n }\n\n // Make sure the result is less than 2²⁵⁶. Also prevents denominator == 0.\n if (denominator <= high) {\n Panic.panic(ternary(denominator == 0, Panic.DIVISION_BY_ZERO, Panic.UNDER_OVERFLOW));\n }\n\n ///////////////////////////////////////////////\n // 512 by 256 division.\n ///////////////////////////////////////////////\n\n // Make division exact by subtracting the remainder from [high low].\n uint256 remainder;\n assembly (\"memory-safe\") {\n // Compute remainder using mulmod.\n remainder := mulmod(x, y, denominator)\n\n // Subtract 256 bit number from 512 bit number.\n high := sub(high, gt(remainder, low))\n low := sub(low, remainder)\n }\n\n // Factor powers of two out of denominator and compute largest power of two divisor of denominator.\n // Always >= 1. See https://cs.stackexchange.com/q/138556/92363.\n\n uint256 twos = denominator & (0 - denominator);\n assembly (\"memory-safe\") {\n // Divide denominator by twos.\n denominator := div(denominator, twos)\n\n // Divide [high low] by twos.\n low := div(low, twos)\n\n // Flip twos such that it is 2²⁵⁶ / twos. If twos is zero, then it becomes one.\n twos := add(div(sub(0, twos), twos), 1)\n }\n\n // Shift in bits from high into low.\n low |= high * twos;\n\n // Invert denominator mod 2²⁵⁶. Now that denominator is an odd number, it has an inverse modulo 2²⁵⁶ such\n // that denominator * inv ≡ 1 mod 2²⁵⁶. Compute the inverse by starting with a seed that is correct for\n // four bits. That is, denominator * inv ≡ 1 mod 2⁴.\n uint256 inverse = (3 * denominator) ^ 2;\n\n // Use the Newton-Raphson iteration to improve the precision. Thanks to Hensel's lifting lemma, this also\n // works in modular arithmetic, doubling the correct bits in each step.\n inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2⁸\n inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2¹⁶\n inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2³²\n inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2⁶⁴\n inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2¹²⁸\n inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2²⁵⁶\n\n // Because the division is now exact we can divide by multiplying with the modular inverse of denominator.\n // This will give us the correct result modulo 2²⁵⁶. Since the preconditions guarantee that the outcome is\n // less than 2²⁵⁶, this is the final result. We don't need to compute the high bits of the result and high\n // is no longer required.\n result = low * inverse;\n return result;\n }\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Calculates x * y / denominator with full precision, following the selected rounding direction.\n */\n function mulDiv(uint256 x, uint256 y, uint256 denominator, Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (uint256) {\n return mulDiv(x, y, denominator) + SafeCast.toUint(unsignedRoundsUp(rounding) && mulmod(x, y, denominator) > 0);\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Calculates floor(x * y >> n) with full precision. Throws if result overflows a uint256.\n */\n function mulShr(uint256 x, uint256 y, uint8 n) internal pure returns (uint256 result) {\n unchecked {\n (uint256 high, uint256 low) = mul512(x, y);\n if (high >= 1 << n) {\n Panic.panic(Panic.UNDER_OVERFLOW);\n }\n return (high << (256 - n)) | (low >> n);\n }\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Calculates x * y >> n with full precision, following the selected rounding direction.\n */\n function mulShr(uint256 x, uint256 y, uint8 n, Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (uint256) {\n return mulShr(x, y, n) + SafeCast.toUint(unsignedRoundsUp(rounding) && mulmod(x, y, 1 << n) > 0);\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Calculate the modular multiplicative inverse of a number in Z/nZ.\n *\n * If n is a prime, then Z/nZ is a field. In that case all elements are inversible, except 0.\n * If n is not a prime, then Z/nZ is not a field, and some elements might not be inversible.\n *\n * If the input value is not inversible, 0 is returned.\n *\n * NOTE: If you know for sure that n is (big) a prime, it may be cheaper to use Fermat's little theorem and get the\n * inverse using `Math.modExp(a, n - 2, n)`. See {invModPrime}.\n */\n function invMod(uint256 a, uint256 n) internal pure returns (uint256) {\n unchecked {\n if (n == 0) return 0;\n\n // The inverse modulo is calculated using the Extended Euclidean Algorithm (iterative version)\n // Used to compute integers x and y such that: ax + ny = gcd(a, n).\n // When the gcd is 1, then the inverse of a modulo n exists and it's x.\n // ax + ny = 1\n // ax = 1 + (-y)n\n // ax ≡ 1 (mod n) # x is the inverse of a modulo n\n\n // If the remainder is 0 the gcd is n right away.\n uint256 remainder = a % n;\n uint256 gcd = n;\n\n // Therefore the initial coefficients are:\n // ax + ny = gcd(a, n) = n\n // 0a + 1n = n\n int256 x = 0;\n int256 y = 1;\n\n while (remainder != 0) {\n uint256 quotient = gcd / remainder;\n\n (gcd, remainder) = (\n // The old remainder is the next gcd to try.\n remainder,\n // Compute the next remainder.\n // Can't overflow given that (a % gcd) * (gcd // (a % gcd)) <= gcd\n // where gcd is at most n (capped to type(uint256).max)\n gcd - remainder * quotient\n );\n\n (x, y) = (\n // Increment the coefficient of a.\n y,\n // Decrement the coefficient of n.\n // Can overflow, but the result is casted to uint256 so that the\n // next value of y is \"wrapped around\" to a value between 0 and n - 1.\n x - y * int256(quotient)\n );\n }\n\n if (gcd != 1) return 0; // No inverse exists.\n return ternary(x < 0, n - uint256(-x), uint256(x)); // Wrap the result if it's negative.\n }\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Variant of {invMod}. More efficient, but only works if `p` is known to be a prime greater than `2`.\n *\n * From https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fermat%27s_little_theorem[Fermat's little theorem], we know that if p is\n * prime, then `a**(p-1) ≡ 1 mod p`. As a consequence, we have `a * a**(p-2) ≡ 1 mod p`, which means that\n * `a**(p-2)` is the modular multiplicative inverse of a in Fp.\n *\n * NOTE: this function does NOT check that `p` is a prime greater than `2`.\n */\n function invModPrime(uint256 a, uint256 p) internal view returns (uint256) {\n unchecked {\n return Math.modExp(a, p - 2, p);\n }\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Returns the modular exponentiation of the specified base, exponent and modulus (b ** e % m)\n *\n * Requirements:\n * - modulus can't be zero\n * - underlying staticcall to precompile must succeed\n *\n * IMPORTANT: The result is only valid if the underlying call succeeds. When using this function, make\n * sure the chain you're using it on supports the precompiled contract for modular exponentiation\n * at address 0x05 as specified in https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-198[EIP-198]. Otherwise,\n * the underlying function will succeed given the lack of a revert, but the result may be incorrectly\n * interpreted as 0.\n */\n function modExp(uint256 b, uint256 e, uint256 m) internal view returns (uint256) {\n (bool success, uint256 result) = tryModExp(b, e, m);\n if (!success) {\n Panic.panic(Panic.DIVISION_BY_ZERO);\n }\n return result;\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Returns the modular exponentiation of the specified base, exponent and modulus (b ** e % m).\n * It includes a success flag indicating if the operation succeeded. Operation will be marked as failed if trying\n * to operate modulo 0 or if the underlying precompile reverted.\n *\n * IMPORTANT: The result is only valid if the success flag is true. When using this function, make sure the chain\n * you're using it on supports the precompiled contract for modular exponentiation at address 0x05 as specified in\n * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-198[EIP-198]. Otherwise, the underlying function will succeed given the lack\n * of a revert, but the result may be incorrectly interpreted as 0.\n */\n function tryModExp(uint256 b, uint256 e, uint256 m) internal view returns (bool success, uint256 result) {\n if (m == 0) return (false, 0);\n assembly (\"memory-safe\") {\n let ptr := mload(0x40)\n // | Offset | Content | Content (Hex) |\n // |-----------|------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------|\n // | 0x00:0x1f | size of b | 0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000020 |\n // | 0x20:0x3f | size of e | 0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000020 |\n // | 0x40:0x5f | size of m | 0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000020 |\n // | 0x60:0x7f | value of b | 0x<.............................................................b> |\n // | 0x80:0x9f | value of e | 0x<.............................................................e> |\n // | 0xa0:0xbf | value of m | 0x<.............................................................m> |\n mstore(ptr, 0x20)\n mstore(add(ptr, 0x20), 0x20)\n mstore(add(ptr, 0x40), 0x20)\n mstore(add(ptr, 0x60), b)\n mstore(add(ptr, 0x80), e)\n mstore(add(ptr, 0xa0), m)\n\n // Given the result < m, it's guaranteed to fit in 32 bytes,\n // so we can use the memory scratch space located at offset 0.\n success := staticcall(gas(), 0x05, ptr, 0xc0, 0x00, 0x20)\n result := mload(0x00)\n }\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Variant of {modExp} that supports inputs of arbitrary length.\n */\n function modExp(bytes memory b, bytes memory e, bytes memory m) internal view returns (bytes memory) {\n (bool success, bytes memory result) = tryModExp(b, e, m);\n if (!success) {\n Panic.panic(Panic.DIVISION_BY_ZERO);\n }\n return result;\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Variant of {tryModExp} that supports inputs of arbitrary length.\n */\n function tryModExp(\n bytes memory b,\n bytes memory e,\n bytes memory m\n ) internal view returns (bool success, bytes memory result) {\n if (_zeroBytes(m)) return (false, new bytes(0));\n\n uint256 mLen = m.length;\n\n // Encode call args in result and move the free memory pointer\n result = abi.encodePacked(b.length, e.length, mLen, b, e, m);\n\n assembly (\"memory-safe\") {\n let dataPtr := add(result, 0x20)\n // Write result on top of args to avoid allocating extra memory.\n success := staticcall(gas(), 0x05, dataPtr, mload(result), dataPtr, mLen)\n // Overwrite the length.\n // result.length > returndatasize() is guaranteed because returndatasize() == m.length\n mstore(result, mLen)\n // Set the memory pointer after the returned data.\n mstore(0x40, add(dataPtr, mLen))\n }\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Returns whether the provided byte array is zero.\n */\n function _zeroBytes(bytes memory byteArray) private pure returns (bool) {\n for (uint256 i = 0; i < byteArray.length; ++i) {\n if (byteArray[i] != 0) {\n return false;\n }\n }\n return true;\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Returns the square root of a number. If the number is not a perfect square, the value is rounded\n * towards zero.\n *\n * This method is based on Newton's method for computing square roots; the algorithm is restricted to only\n * using integer operations.\n */\n function sqrt(uint256 a) internal pure returns (uint256) {\n unchecked {\n // Take care of easy edge cases when a == 0 or a == 1\n if (a <= 1) {\n return a;\n }\n\n // In this function, we use Newton's method to get a root of `f(x) := x² - a`. It involves building a\n // sequence x_n that converges toward sqrt(a). For each iteration x_n, we also define the error between\n // the current value as `ε_n = | x_n - sqrt(a) |`.\n //\n // For our first estimation, we consider `e` the smallest power of 2 which is bigger than the square root\n // of the target. (i.e. `2**(e-1) ≤ sqrt(a) < 2**e`). We know that `e ≤ 128` because `(2¹²⁸)² = 2²⁵⁶` is\n // bigger than any uint256.\n //\n // By noticing that\n // `2**(e-1) ≤ sqrt(a) < 2**e → (2**(e-1))² ≤ a < (2**e)² → 2**(2*e-2) ≤ a < 2**(2*e)`\n // we can deduce that `e - 1` is `log2(a) / 2`. We can thus compute `x_n = 2**(e-1)` using a method similar\n // to the msb function.\n uint256 aa = a;\n uint256 xn = 1;\n\n if (aa >= (1 << 128)) {\n aa >>= 128;\n xn <<= 64;\n }\n if (aa >= (1 << 64)) {\n aa >>= 64;\n xn <<= 32;\n }\n if (aa >= (1 << 32)) {\n aa >>= 32;\n xn <<= 16;\n }\n if (aa >= (1 << 16)) {\n aa >>= 16;\n xn <<= 8;\n }\n if (aa >= (1 << 8)) {\n aa >>= 8;\n xn <<= 4;\n }\n if (aa >= (1 << 4)) {\n aa >>= 4;\n xn <<= 2;\n }\n if (aa >= (1 << 2)) {\n xn <<= 1;\n }\n\n // We now have x_n such that `x_n = 2**(e-1) ≤ sqrt(a) < 2**e = 2 * x_n`. This implies ε_n ≤ 2**(e-1).\n //\n // We can refine our estimation by noticing that the middle of that interval minimizes the error.\n // If we move x_n to equal 2**(e-1) + 2**(e-2), then we reduce the error to ε_n ≤ 2**(e-2).\n // This is going to be our x_0 (and ε_0)\n xn = (3 * xn) >> 1; // ε_0 := | x_0 - sqrt(a) | ≤ 2**(e-2)\n\n // From here, Newton's method give us:\n // x_{n+1} = (x_n + a / x_n) / 2\n //\n // One should note that:\n // x_{n+1}² - a = ((x_n + a / x_n) / 2)² - a\n // = ((x_n² + a) / (2 * x_n))² - a\n // = (x_n⁴ + 2 * a * x_n² + a²) / (4 * x_n²) - a\n // = (x_n⁴ + 2 * a * x_n² + a² - 4 * a * x_n²) / (4 * x_n²)\n // = (x_n⁴ - 2 * a * x_n² + a²) / (4 * x_n²)\n // = (x_n² - a)² / (2 * x_n)²\n // = ((x_n² - a) / (2 * x_n))²\n // ≥ 0\n // Which proves that for all n ≥ 1, sqrt(a) ≤ x_n\n //\n // This gives us the proof of quadratic convergence of the sequence:\n // ε_{n+1} = | x_{n+1} - sqrt(a) |\n // = | (x_n + a / x_n) / 2 - sqrt(a) |\n // = | (x_n² + a - 2*x_n*sqrt(a)) / (2 * x_n) |\n // = | (x_n - sqrt(a))² / (2 * x_n) |\n // = | ε_n² / (2 * x_n) |\n // = ε_n² / | (2 * x_n) |\n //\n // For the first iteration, we have a special case where x_0 is known:\n // ε_1 = ε_0² / | (2 * x_0) |\n // ≤ (2**(e-2))² / (2 * (2**(e-1) + 2**(e-2)))\n // ≤ 2**(2*e-4) / (3 * 2**(e-1))\n // ≤ 2**(e-3) / 3\n // ≤ 2**(e-3-log2(3))\n // ≤ 2**(e-4.5)\n //\n // For the following iterations, we use the fact that, 2**(e-1) ≤ sqrt(a) ≤ x_n:\n // ε_{n+1} = ε_n² / | (2 * x_n) |\n // ≤ (2**(e-k))² / (2 * 2**(e-1))\n // ≤ 2**(2*e-2*k) / 2**e\n // ≤ 2**(e-2*k)\n xn = (xn + a / xn) >> 1; // ε_1 := | x_1 - sqrt(a) | ≤ 2**(e-4.5) -- special case, see above\n xn = (xn + a / xn) >> 1; // ε_2 := | x_2 - sqrt(a) | ≤ 2**(e-9) -- general case with k = 4.5\n xn = (xn + a / xn) >> 1; // ε_3 := | x_3 - sqrt(a) | ≤ 2**(e-18) -- general case with k = 9\n xn = (xn + a / xn) >> 1; // ε_4 := | x_4 - sqrt(a) | ≤ 2**(e-36) -- general case with k = 18\n xn = (xn + a / xn) >> 1; // ε_5 := | x_5 - sqrt(a) | ≤ 2**(e-72) -- general case with k = 36\n xn = (xn + a / xn) >> 1; // ε_6 := | x_6 - sqrt(a) | ≤ 2**(e-144) -- general case with k = 72\n\n // Because e ≤ 128 (as discussed during the first estimation phase), we know have reached a precision\n // ε_6 ≤ 2**(e-144) < 1. Given we're operating on integers, then we can ensure that xn is now either\n // sqrt(a) or sqrt(a) + 1.\n return xn - SafeCast.toUint(xn > a / xn);\n }\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Calculates sqrt(a), following the selected rounding direction.\n */\n function sqrt(uint256 a, Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (uint256) {\n unchecked {\n uint256 result = sqrt(a);\n return result + SafeCast.toUint(unsignedRoundsUp(rounding) && result * result < a);\n }\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Return the log in base 2 of a positive value rounded towards zero.\n * Returns 0 if given 0.\n */\n function log2(uint256 x) internal pure returns (uint256 r) {\n // If value has upper 128 bits set, log2 result is at least 128\n r = SafeCast.toUint(x > 0xffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff) << 7;\n // If upper 64 bits of 128-bit half set, add 64 to result\n r |= SafeCast.toUint((x >> r) > 0xffffffffffffffff) << 6;\n // If upper 32 bits of 64-bit half set, add 32 to result\n r |= SafeCast.toUint((x >> r) > 0xffffffff) << 5;\n // If upper 16 bits of 32-bit half set, add 16 to result\n r |= SafeCast.toUint((x >> r) > 0xffff) << 4;\n // If upper 8 bits of 16-bit half set, add 8 to result\n r |= SafeCast.toUint((x >> r) > 0xff) << 3;\n // If upper 4 bits of 8-bit half set, add 4 to result\n r |= SafeCast.toUint((x >> r) > 0xf) << 2;\n\n // Shifts value right by the current result and use it as an index into this lookup table:\n //\n // | x (4 bits) | index | table[index] = MSB position |\n // |------------|---------|-----------------------------|\n // | 0000 | 0 | table[0] = 0 |\n // | 0001 | 1 | table[1] = 0 |\n // | 0010 | 2 | table[2] = 1 |\n // | 0011 | 3 | table[3] = 1 |\n // | 0100 | 4 | table[4] = 2 |\n // | 0101 | 5 | table[5] = 2 |\n // | 0110 | 6 | table[6] = 2 |\n // | 0111 | 7 | table[7] = 2 |\n // | 1000 | 8 | table[8] = 3 |\n // | 1001 | 9 | table[9] = 3 |\n // | 1010 | 10 | table[10] = 3 |\n // | 1011 | 11 | table[11] = 3 |\n // | 1100 | 12 | table[12] = 3 |\n // | 1101 | 13 | table[13] = 3 |\n // | 1110 | 14 | table[14] = 3 |\n // | 1111 | 15 | table[15] = 3 |\n //\n // The lookup table is represented as a 32-byte value with the MSB positions for 0-15 in the last 16 bytes.\n assembly (\"memory-safe\") {\n r := or(r, byte(shr(r, x), 0x0000010102020202030303030303030300000000000000000000000000000000))\n }\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Return the log in base 2, following the selected rounding direction, of a positive value.\n * Returns 0 if given 0.\n */\n function log2(uint256 value, Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (uint256) {\n unchecked {\n uint256 result = log2(value);\n return result + SafeCast.toUint(unsignedRoundsUp(rounding) && 1 << result < value);\n }\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Return the log in base 10 of a positive value rounded towards zero.\n * Returns 0 if given 0.\n */\n function log10(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint256) {\n uint256 result = 0;\n unchecked {\n if (value >= 10 ** 64) {\n value /= 10 ** 64;\n result += 64;\n }\n if (value >= 10 ** 32) {\n value /= 10 ** 32;\n result += 32;\n }\n if (value >= 10 ** 16) {\n value /= 10 ** 16;\n result += 16;\n }\n if (value >= 10 ** 8) {\n value /= 10 ** 8;\n result += 8;\n }\n if (value >= 10 ** 4) {\n value /= 10 ** 4;\n result += 4;\n }\n if (value >= 10 ** 2) {\n value /= 10 ** 2;\n result += 2;\n }\n if (value >= 10 ** 1) {\n result += 1;\n }\n }\n return result;\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Return the log in base 10, following the selected rounding direction, of a positive value.\n * Returns 0 if given 0.\n */\n function log10(uint256 value, Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (uint256) {\n unchecked {\n uint256 result = log10(value);\n return result + SafeCast.toUint(unsignedRoundsUp(rounding) && 10 ** result < value);\n }\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Return the log in base 256 of a positive value rounded towards zero.\n * Returns 0 if given 0.\n *\n * Adding one to the result gives the number of pairs of hex symbols needed to represent `value` as a hex string.\n */\n function log256(uint256 x) internal pure returns (uint256 r) {\n // If value has upper 128 bits set, log2 result is at least 128\n r = SafeCast.toUint(x > 0xffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff) << 7;\n // If upper 64 bits of 128-bit half set, add 64 to result\n r |= SafeCast.toUint((x >> r) > 0xffffffffffffffff) << 6;\n // If upper 32 bits of 64-bit half set, add 32 to result\n r |= SafeCast.toUint((x >> r) > 0xffffffff) << 5;\n // If upper 16 bits of 32-bit half set, add 16 to result\n r |= SafeCast.toUint((x >> r) > 0xffff) << 4;\n // Add 1 if upper 8 bits of 16-bit half set, and divide accumulated result by 8\n return (r >> 3) | SafeCast.toUint((x >> r) > 0xff);\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Return the log in base 256, following the selected rounding direction, of a positive value.\n * Returns 0 if given 0.\n */\n function log256(uint256 value, Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (uint256) {\n unchecked {\n uint256 result = log256(value);\n return result + SafeCast.toUint(unsignedRoundsUp(rounding) && 1 << (result << 3) < value);\n }\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Returns whether a provided rounding mode is considered rounding up for unsigned integers.\n */\n function unsignedRoundsUp(Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (bool) {\n return uint8(rounding) % 2 == 1;\n }\n}\n"},{"file_path":"lib/openzeppelin-contracts/contracts/utils/math/SafeCast.sol","source_code":"// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT\n// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.1.0) (utils/math/SafeCast.sol)\n// This file was procedurally generated from scripts/generate/templates/SafeCast.js.\n\npragma solidity ^0.8.20;\n\n/**\n * @dev Wrappers over Solidity's uintXX/intXX/bool casting operators with added overflow\n * checks.\n *\n * Downcasting from uint256/int256 in Solidity does not revert on overflow. This can\n * easily result in undesired exploitation or bugs, since developers usually\n * assume that overflows raise errors. `SafeCast` restores this intuition by\n * reverting the transaction when such an operation overflows.\n *\n * Using this library instead of the unchecked operations eliminates an entire\n * class of bugs, so it's recommended to use it always.\n */\nlibrary SafeCast {\n /**\n * @dev Value doesn't fit in an uint of `bits` size.\n */\n error SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(uint8 bits, uint256 value);\n\n /**\n * @dev An int value doesn't fit in an uint of `bits` size.\n */\n error SafeCastOverflowedIntToUint(int256 value);\n\n /**\n * @dev Value doesn't fit in an int of `bits` size.\n */\n error SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(uint8 bits, int256 value);\n\n /**\n * @dev An uint value doesn't fit in an int of `bits` size.\n */\n error SafeCastOverflowedUintToInt(uint256 value);\n\n /**\n * @dev Returns the downcasted uint248 from uint256, reverting on\n * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint248).\n *\n * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint248` operator.\n *\n * Requirements:\n *\n * - input must fit into 248 bits\n */\n function toUint248(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint248) {\n if (value > type(uint248).max) {\n revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(248, value);\n }\n return uint248(value);\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Returns the downcasted uint240 from uint256, reverting on\n * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint240).\n *\n * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint240` operator.\n *\n * Requirements:\n *\n * - input must fit into 240 bits\n */\n function toUint240(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint240) {\n if (value > type(uint240).max) {\n revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(240, value);\n }\n return uint240(value);\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Returns the downcasted uint232 from uint256, reverting on\n * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint232).\n *\n * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint232` operator.\n *\n * Requirements:\n *\n * - input must fit into 232 bits\n */\n function toUint232(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint232) {\n if (value > type(uint232).max) {\n revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(232, value);\n }\n return uint232(value);\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Returns the downcasted uint224 from uint256, reverting on\n * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint224).\n *\n * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint224` operator.\n *\n * Requirements:\n *\n * - input must fit into 224 bits\n */\n function toUint224(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint224) {\n if (value > type(uint224).max) {\n revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(224, value);\n }\n return uint224(value);\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Returns the downcasted uint216 from uint256, reverting on\n * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint216).\n *\n * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint216` operator.\n *\n * Requirements:\n *\n * - input must fit into 216 bits\n */\n function toUint216(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint216) {\n if (value > type(uint216).max) {\n revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(216, value);\n }\n return uint216(value);\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Returns the downcasted uint208 from uint256, reverting on\n * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint208).\n *\n * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint208` operator.\n *\n * Requirements:\n *\n * - input must fit into 208 bits\n */\n function toUint208(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint208) {\n if (value > type(uint208).max) {\n revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(208, value);\n }\n return uint208(value);\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Returns the downcasted uint200 from uint256, reverting on\n * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint200).\n *\n * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint200` operator.\n *\n * Requirements:\n *\n * - input must fit into 200 bits\n */\n function toUint200(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint200) {\n if (value > type(uint200).max) {\n revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(200, value);\n }\n return uint200(value);\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Returns the downcasted uint192 from uint256, reverting on\n * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint192).\n *\n * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint192` operator.\n *\n * Requirements:\n *\n * - input must fit into 192 bits\n */\n function toUint192(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint192) {\n if (value > type(uint192).max) {\n revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(192, value);\n }\n return uint192(value);\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Returns the downcasted uint184 from uint256, reverting on\n * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint184).\n *\n * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint184` operator.\n *\n * Requirements:\n *\n * - input must fit into 184 bits\n */\n function toUint184(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint184) {\n if (value > type(uint184).max) {\n revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(184, value);\n }\n return uint184(value);\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Returns the downcasted uint176 from uint256, reverting on\n * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint176).\n *\n * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint176` operator.\n *\n * Requirements:\n *\n * - input must fit into 176 bits\n */\n function toUint176(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint176) {\n if (value > type(uint176).max) {\n revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(176, value);\n }\n return uint176(value);\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Returns the downcasted uint168 from uint256, reverting on\n * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint168).\n *\n * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint168` operator.\n *\n * Requirements:\n *\n * - input must fit into 168 bits\n */\n function toUint168(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint168) {\n if (value > type(uint168).max) {\n revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(168, value);\n }\n return uint168(value);\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Returns the downcasted uint160 from uint256, reverting on\n * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint160).\n *\n * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint160` operator.\n *\n * Requirements:\n *\n * - input must fit into 160 bits\n */\n function toUint160(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint160) {\n if (value > type(uint160).max) {\n revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(160, value);\n }\n return uint160(value);\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Returns the downcasted uint152 from uint256, reverting on\n * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint152).\n *\n * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint152` operator.\n *\n * Requirements:\n *\n * - input must fit into 152 bits\n */\n function toUint152(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint152) {\n if (value > type(uint152).max) {\n revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(152, value);\n }\n return uint152(value);\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Returns the downcasted uint144 from uint256, reverting on\n * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint144).\n *\n * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint144` operator.\n *\n * Requirements:\n *\n * - input must fit into 144 bits\n */\n function toUint144(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint144) {\n if (value > type(uint144).max) {\n revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(144, value);\n }\n return uint144(value);\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Returns the downcasted uint136 from uint256, reverting on\n * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint136).\n *\n * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint136` operator.\n *\n * Requirements:\n *\n * - input must fit into 136 bits\n */\n function toUint136(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint136) {\n if (value > type(uint136).max) {\n revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(136, value);\n }\n return uint136(value);\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Returns the downcasted uint128 from uint256, reverting on\n * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint128).\n *\n * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint128` operator.\n *\n * Requirements:\n *\n * - input must fit into 128 bits\n */\n function toUint128(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint128) {\n if (value > type(uint128).max) {\n revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(128, value);\n }\n return uint128(value);\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Returns the downcasted uint120 from uint256, reverting on\n * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint120).\n *\n * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint120` operator.\n *\n * Requirements:\n *\n * - input must fit into 120 bits\n */\n function toUint120(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint120) {\n if (value > type(uint120).max) {\n revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(120, value);\n }\n return uint120(value);\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Returns the downcasted uint112 from uint256, reverting on\n * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint112).\n *\n * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint112` operator.\n *\n * Requirements:\n *\n * - input must fit into 112 bits\n */\n function toUint112(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint112) {\n if (value > type(uint112).max) {\n revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(112, value);\n }\n return uint112(value);\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Returns the downcasted uint104 from uint256, reverting on\n * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint104).\n *\n * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint104` operator.\n *\n * Requirements:\n *\n * - input must fit into 104 bits\n */\n function toUint104(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint104) {\n if (value > type(uint104).max) {\n revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(104, value);\n }\n return uint104(value);\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Returns the downcasted uint96 from uint256, reverting on\n * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint96).\n *\n * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint96` operator.\n *\n * Requirements:\n *\n * - input must fit into 96 bits\n */\n function toUint96(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint96) {\n if (value > type(uint96).max) {\n revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(96, value);\n }\n return uint96(value);\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Returns the downcasted uint88 from uint256, reverting on\n * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint88).\n *\n * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint88` operator.\n *\n * Requirements:\n *\n * - input must fit into 88 bits\n */\n function toUint88(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint88) {\n if (value > type(uint88).max) {\n revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(88, value);\n }\n return uint88(value);\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Returns the downcasted uint80 from uint256, reverting on\n * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint80).\n *\n * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint80` operator.\n *\n * Requirements:\n *\n * - input must fit into 80 bits\n */\n function toUint80(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint80) {\n if (value > type(uint80).max) {\n revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(80, value);\n }\n return uint80(value);\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Returns the downcasted uint72 from uint256, reverting on\n * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint72).\n *\n * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint72` operator.\n *\n * Requirements:\n *\n * - input must fit into 72 bits\n */\n function toUint72(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint72) {\n if (value > type(uint72).max) {\n revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(72, value);\n }\n return uint72(value);\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Returns the downcasted uint64 from uint256, reverting on\n * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint64).\n *\n * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint64` operator.\n *\n * Requirements:\n *\n * - input must fit into 64 bits\n */\n function toUint64(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint64) {\n if (value > type(uint64).max) {\n revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(64, value);\n }\n return uint64(value);\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Returns the downcasted uint56 from uint256, reverting on\n * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint56).\n *\n * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint56` operator.\n *\n * Requirements:\n *\n * - input must fit into 56 bits\n */\n function toUint56(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint56) {\n if (value > type(uint56).max) {\n revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(56, value);\n }\n return uint56(value);\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Returns the downcasted uint48 from uint256, reverting on\n * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint48).\n *\n * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint48` operator.\n *\n * Requirements:\n *\n * - input must fit into 48 bits\n */\n function toUint48(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint48) {\n if (value > type(uint48).max) {\n revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(48, value);\n }\n return uint48(value);\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Returns the downcasted uint40 from uint256, reverting on\n * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint40).\n *\n * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint40` operator.\n *\n * Requirements:\n *\n * - input must fit into 40 bits\n */\n function toUint40(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint40) {\n if (value > type(uint40).max) {\n revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(40, value);\n }\n return uint40(value);\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Returns the downcasted uint32 from uint256, reverting on\n * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint32).\n *\n * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint32` operator.\n *\n * Requirements:\n *\n * - input must fit into 32 bits\n */\n function toUint32(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint32) {\n if (value > type(uint32).max) {\n revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(32, value);\n }\n return uint32(value);\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Returns the downcasted uint24 from uint256, reverting on\n * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint24).\n *\n * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint24` operator.\n *\n * Requirements:\n *\n * - input must fit into 24 bits\n */\n function toUint24(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint24) {\n if (value > type(uint24).max) {\n revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(24, value);\n }\n return uint24(value);\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Returns the downcasted uint16 from uint256, reverting on\n * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint16).\n *\n * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint16` operator.\n *\n * Requirements:\n *\n * - input must fit into 16 bits\n */\n function toUint16(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint16) {\n if (value > type(uint16).max) {\n revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(16, value);\n }\n return uint16(value);\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Returns the downcasted uint8 from uint256, reverting on\n * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint8).\n *\n * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint8` operator.\n *\n * Requirements:\n *\n * - input must fit into 8 bits\n */\n function toUint8(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint8) {\n if (value > type(uint8).max) {\n revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(8, value);\n }\n return uint8(value);\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Converts a signed int256 into an unsigned uint256.\n *\n * Requirements:\n *\n * - input must be greater than or equal to 0.\n */\n function toUint256(int256 value) internal pure returns (uint256) {\n if (value < 0) {\n revert SafeCastOverflowedIntToUint(value);\n }\n return uint256(value);\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Returns the downcasted int248 from int256, reverting on\n * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int248 or\n * greater than largest int248).\n *\n * Counterpart to Solidity's `int248` operator.\n *\n * Requirements:\n *\n * - input must fit into 248 bits\n */\n function toInt248(int256 value) internal pure returns (int248 downcasted) {\n downcasted = int248(value);\n if (downcasted != value) {\n revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(248, value);\n }\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Returns the downcasted int240 from int256, reverting on\n * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int240 or\n * greater than largest int240).\n *\n * Counterpart to Solidity's `int240` operator.\n *\n * Requirements:\n *\n * - input must fit into 240 bits\n */\n function toInt240(int256 value) internal pure returns (int240 downcasted) {\n downcasted = int240(value);\n if (downcasted != value) {\n revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(240, value);\n }\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Returns the downcasted int232 from int256, reverting on\n * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int232 or\n * greater than largest int232).\n *\n * Counterpart to Solidity's `int232` operator.\n *\n * Requirements:\n *\n * - input must fit into 232 bits\n */\n function toInt232(int256 value) internal pure returns (int232 downcasted) {\n downcasted = int232(value);\n if (downcasted != value) {\n revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(232, value);\n }\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Returns the downcasted int224 from int256, reverting on\n * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int224 or\n * greater than largest int224).\n *\n * Counterpart to Solidity's `int224` operator.\n *\n * Requirements:\n *\n * - input must fit into 224 bits\n */\n function toInt224(int256 value) internal pure returns (int224 downcasted) {\n downcasted = int224(value);\n if (downcasted != value) {\n revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(224, value);\n }\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Returns the downcasted int216 from int256, reverting on\n * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int216 or\n * greater than largest int216).\n *\n * Counterpart to Solidity's `int216` operator.\n *\n * Requirements:\n *\n * - input must fit into 216 bits\n */\n function toInt216(int256 value) internal pure returns (int216 downcasted) {\n downcasted = int216(value);\n if (downcasted != value) {\n revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(216, value);\n }\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Returns the downcasted int208 from int256, reverting on\n * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int208 or\n * greater than largest int208).\n *\n * Counterpart to Solidity's `int208` operator.\n *\n * Requirements:\n *\n * - input must fit into 208 bits\n */\n function toInt208(int256 value) internal pure returns (int208 downcasted) {\n downcasted = int208(value);\n if (downcasted != value) {\n revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(208, value);\n }\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Returns the downcasted int200 from int256, reverting on\n * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int200 or\n * greater than largest int200).\n *\n * Counterpart to Solidity's `int200` operator.\n *\n * Requirements:\n *\n * - input must fit into 200 bits\n */\n function toInt200(int256 value) internal pure returns (int200 downcasted) {\n downcasted = int200(value);\n if (downcasted != value) {\n revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(200, value);\n }\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Returns the downcasted int192 from int256, reverting on\n * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int192 or\n * greater than largest int192).\n *\n * Counterpart to Solidity's `int192` operator.\n *\n * Requirements:\n *\n * - input must fit into 192 bits\n */\n function toInt192(int256 value) internal pure returns (int192 downcasted) {\n downcasted = int192(value);\n if (downcasted != value) {\n revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(192, value);\n }\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Returns the downcasted int184 from int256, reverting on\n * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int184 or\n * greater than largest int184).\n *\n * Counterpart to Solidity's `int184` operator.\n *\n * Requirements:\n *\n * - input must fit into 184 bits\n */\n function toInt184(int256 value) internal pure returns (int184 downcasted) {\n downcasted = int184(value);\n if (downcasted != value) {\n revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(184, value);\n }\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Returns the downcasted int176 from int256, reverting on\n * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int176 or\n * greater than largest int176).\n *\n * Counterpart to Solidity's `int176` operator.\n *\n * Requirements:\n *\n * - input must fit into 176 bits\n */\n function toInt176(int256 value) internal pure returns (int176 downcasted) {\n downcasted = int176(value);\n if (downcasted != value) {\n revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(176, value);\n }\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Returns the downcasted int168 from int256, reverting on\n * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int168 or\n * greater than largest int168).\n *\n * Counterpart to Solidity's `int168` operator.\n *\n * Requirements:\n *\n * - input must fit into 168 bits\n */\n function toInt168(int256 value) internal pure returns (int168 downcasted) {\n downcasted = int168(value);\n if (downcasted != value) {\n revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(168, value);\n }\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Returns the downcasted int160 from int256, reverting on\n * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int160 or\n * greater than largest int160).\n *\n * Counterpart to Solidity's `int160` operator.\n *\n * Requirements:\n *\n * - input must fit into 160 bits\n */\n function toInt160(int256 value) internal pure returns (int160 downcasted) {\n downcasted = int160(value);\n if (downcasted != value) {\n revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(160, value);\n }\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Returns the downcasted int152 from int256, reverting on\n * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int152 or\n * greater than largest int152).\n *\n * Counterpart to Solidity's `int152` operator.\n *\n * Requirements:\n *\n * - input must fit into 152 bits\n */\n function toInt152(int256 value) internal pure returns (int152 downcasted) {\n downcasted = int152(value);\n if (downcasted != value) {\n revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(152, value);\n }\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Returns the downcasted int144 from int256, reverting on\n * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int144 or\n * greater than largest int144).\n *\n * Counterpart to Solidity's `int144` operator.\n *\n * Requirements:\n *\n * - input must fit into 144 bits\n */\n function toInt144(int256 value) internal pure returns (int144 downcasted) {\n downcasted = int144(value);\n if (downcasted != value) {\n revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(144, value);\n }\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Returns the downcasted int136 from int256, reverting on\n * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int136 or\n * greater than largest int136).\n *\n * Counterpart to Solidity's `int136` operator.\n *\n * Requirements:\n *\n * - input must fit into 136 bits\n */\n function toInt136(int256 value) internal pure returns (int136 downcasted) {\n downcasted = int136(value);\n if (downcasted != value) {\n revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(136, value);\n }\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Returns the downcasted int128 from int256, reverting on\n * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int128 or\n * greater than largest int128).\n *\n * Counterpart to Solidity's `int128` operator.\n *\n * Requirements:\n *\n * - input must fit into 128 bits\n */\n function toInt128(int256 value) internal pure returns (int128 downcasted) {\n downcasted = int128(value);\n if (downcasted != value) {\n revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(128, value);\n }\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Returns the downcasted int120 from int256, reverting on\n * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int120 or\n * greater than largest int120).\n *\n * Counterpart to Solidity's `int120` operator.\n *\n * Requirements:\n *\n * - input must fit into 120 bits\n */\n function toInt120(int256 value) internal pure returns (int120 downcasted) {\n downcasted = int120(value);\n if (downcasted != value) {\n revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(120, value);\n }\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Returns the downcasted int112 from int256, reverting on\n * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int112 or\n * greater than largest int112).\n *\n * Counterpart to Solidity's `int112` operator.\n *\n * Requirements:\n *\n * - input must fit into 112 bits\n */\n function toInt112(int256 value) internal pure returns (int112 downcasted) {\n downcasted = int112(value);\n if (downcasted != value) {\n revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(112, value);\n }\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Returns the downcasted int104 from int256, reverting on\n * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int104 or\n * greater than largest int104).\n *\n * Counterpart to Solidity's `int104` operator.\n *\n * Requirements:\n *\n * - input must fit into 104 bits\n */\n function toInt104(int256 value) internal pure returns (int104 downcasted) {\n downcasted = int104(value);\n if (downcasted != value) {\n revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(104, value);\n }\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Returns the downcasted int96 from int256, reverting on\n * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int96 or\n * greater than largest int96).\n *\n * Counterpart to Solidity's `int96` operator.\n *\n * Requirements:\n *\n * - input must fit into 96 bits\n */\n function toInt96(int256 value) internal pure returns (int96 downcasted) {\n downcasted = int96(value);\n if (downcasted != value) {\n revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(96, value);\n }\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Returns the downcasted int88 from int256, reverting on\n * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int88 or\n * greater than largest int88).\n *\n * Counterpart to Solidity's `int88` operator.\n *\n * Requirements:\n *\n * - input must fit into 88 bits\n */\n function toInt88(int256 value) internal pure returns (int88 downcasted) {\n downcasted = int88(value);\n if (downcasted != value) {\n revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(88, value);\n }\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Returns the downcasted int80 from int256, reverting on\n * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int80 or\n * greater than largest int80).\n *\n * Counterpart to Solidity's `int80` operator.\n *\n * Requirements:\n *\n * - input must fit into 80 bits\n */\n function toInt80(int256 value) internal pure returns (int80 downcasted) {\n downcasted = int80(value);\n if (downcasted != value) {\n revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(80, value);\n }\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Returns the downcasted int72 from int256, reverting on\n * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int72 or\n * greater than largest int72).\n *\n * Counterpart to Solidity's `int72` operator.\n *\n * Requirements:\n *\n * - input must fit into 72 bits\n */\n function toInt72(int256 value) internal pure returns (int72 downcasted) {\n downcasted = int72(value);\n if (downcasted != value) {\n revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(72, value);\n }\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Returns the downcasted int64 from int256, reverting on\n * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int64 or\n * greater than largest int64).\n *\n * Counterpart to Solidity's `int64` operator.\n *\n * Requirements:\n *\n * - input must fit into 64 bits\n */\n function toInt64(int256 value) internal pure returns (int64 downcasted) {\n downcasted = int64(value);\n if (downcasted != value) {\n revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(64, value);\n }\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Returns the downcasted int56 from int256, reverting on\n * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int56 or\n * greater than largest int56).\n *\n * Counterpart to Solidity's `int56` operator.\n *\n * Requirements:\n *\n * - input must fit into 56 bits\n */\n function toInt56(int256 value) internal pure returns (int56 downcasted) {\n downcasted = int56(value);\n if (downcasted != value) {\n revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(56, value);\n }\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Returns the downcasted int48 from int256, reverting on\n * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int48 or\n * greater than largest int48).\n *\n * Counterpart to Solidity's `int48` operator.\n *\n * Requirements:\n *\n * - input must fit into 48 bits\n */\n function toInt48(int256 value) internal pure returns (int48 downcasted) {\n downcasted = int48(value);\n if (downcasted != value) {\n revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(48, value);\n }\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Returns the downcasted int40 from int256, reverting on\n * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int40 or\n * greater than largest int40).\n *\n * Counterpart to Solidity's `int40` operator.\n *\n * Requirements:\n *\n * - input must fit into 40 bits\n */\n function toInt40(int256 value) internal pure returns (int40 downcasted) {\n downcasted = int40(value);\n if (downcasted != value) {\n revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(40, value);\n }\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Returns the downcasted int32 from int256, reverting on\n * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int32 or\n * greater than largest int32).\n *\n * Counterpart to Solidity's `int32` operator.\n *\n * Requirements:\n *\n * - input must fit into 32 bits\n */\n function toInt32(int256 value) internal pure returns (int32 downcasted) {\n downcasted = int32(value);\n if (downcasted != value) {\n revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(32, value);\n }\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Returns the downcasted int24 from int256, reverting on\n * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int24 or\n * greater than largest int24).\n *\n * Counterpart to Solidity's `int24` operator.\n *\n * Requirements:\n *\n * - input must fit into 24 bits\n */\n function toInt24(int256 value) internal pure returns (int24 downcasted) {\n downcasted = int24(value);\n if (downcasted != value) {\n revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(24, value);\n }\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Returns the downcasted int16 from int256, reverting on\n * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int16 or\n * greater than largest int16).\n *\n * Counterpart to Solidity's `int16` operator.\n *\n * Requirements:\n *\n * - input must fit into 16 bits\n */\n function toInt16(int256 value) internal pure returns (int16 downcasted) {\n downcasted = int16(value);\n if (downcasted != value) {\n revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(16, value);\n }\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Returns the downcasted int8 from int256, reverting on\n * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int8 or\n * greater than largest int8).\n *\n * Counterpart to Solidity's `int8` operator.\n *\n * Requirements:\n *\n * - input must fit into 8 bits\n */\n function toInt8(int256 value) internal pure returns (int8 downcasted) {\n downcasted = int8(value);\n if (downcasted != value) {\n revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(8, value);\n }\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Converts an unsigned uint256 into a signed int256.\n *\n * Requirements:\n *\n * - input must be less than or equal to maxInt256.\n */\n function toInt256(uint256 value) internal pure returns (int256) {\n // Note: Unsafe cast below is okay because `type(int256).max` is guaranteed to be positive\n if (value > uint256(type(int256).max)) {\n revert SafeCastOverflowedUintToInt(value);\n }\n return int256(value);\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Cast a boolean (false or true) to a uint256 (0 or 1) with no jump.\n */\n function toUint(bool b) internal pure returns (uint256 u) {\n assembly (\"memory-safe\") {\n u := iszero(iszero(b))\n }\n }\n}\n"},{"file_path":"lib/openzeppelin-contracts/contracts/utils/math/SignedMath.sol","source_code":"// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT\n// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.1.0) (utils/math/SignedMath.sol)\n\npragma solidity ^0.8.20;\n\nimport {SafeCast} from \"./SafeCast.sol\";\n\n/**\n * @dev Standard signed math utilities missing in the Solidity language.\n */\nlibrary SignedMath {\n /**\n * @dev Branchless ternary evaluation for `a ? b : c`. Gas costs are constant.\n *\n * IMPORTANT: This function may reduce bytecode size and consume less gas when used standalone.\n * However, the compiler may optimize Solidity ternary operations (i.e. `a ? b : c`) to only compute\n * one branch when needed, making this function more expensive.\n */\n function ternary(bool condition, int256 a, int256 b) internal pure returns (int256) {\n unchecked {\n // branchless ternary works because:\n // b ^ (a ^ b) == a\n // b ^ 0 == b\n return b ^ ((a ^ b) * int256(SafeCast.toUint(condition)));\n }\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Returns the largest of two signed numbers.\n */\n function max(int256 a, int256 b) internal pure returns (int256) {\n return ternary(a > b, a, b);\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Returns the smallest of two signed numbers.\n */\n function min(int256 a, int256 b) internal pure returns (int256) {\n return ternary(a < b, a, b);\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Returns the average of two signed numbers without overflow.\n * The result is rounded towards zero.\n */\n function average(int256 a, int256 b) internal pure returns (int256) {\n // Formula from the book \"Hacker's Delight\"\n int256 x = (a & b) + ((a ^ b) >> 1);\n return x + (int256(uint256(x) >> 255) & (a ^ b));\n }\n\n /**\n * @dev Returns the absolute unsigned value of a signed value.\n */\n function abs(int256 n) internal pure returns (uint256) {\n unchecked {\n // Formula from the \"Bit Twiddling Hacks\" by Sean Eron Anderson.\n // Since `n` is a signed integer, the generated bytecode will use the SAR opcode to perform the right shift,\n // taking advantage of the most significant (or \"sign\" bit) in two's complement representation.\n // This opcode adds new most significant bits set to the value of the previous most significant bit. As a result,\n // the mask will either be `bytes32(0)` (if n is positive) or `~bytes32(0)` (if n is negative).\n int256 mask = n >> 255;\n\n // A `bytes32(0)` mask leaves the input unchanged, while a `~bytes32(0)` mask complements it.\n return uint256((n + mask) ^ mask);\n }\n 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